Displaying items by tag: South Africa
The creation of Lafarge Africa, the clearance of the Cemex West acquisition by Holcim in Germany and the sale of Lafarge's assets in Ecuador all hint at the scale of business that LafargeHolcim will command when it comes into existence. Despite the media saturation of coverage on the merger the implications in developing markets are still worthwhile exploring, especially in Latin American and Africa.
In sub-Saharan Africa, Lafarge is merging its cement companies in Nigeria and South Africa to create Lafarge Africa. Analysts Exotix have described the move as, 'the birth of a leading player on a continental scale'. Indeed, if Lafarge wanted to grow Lafarge Africa to encompass its many other African cement producing subsidiaries it could hold at least 17 integrated cement plants (including plants in north Africa) with a cement production capacity of at least 40Mt/yr in 10 countries and infrastructure in others. That puts it head-to-head with Dangote's plans to meet 40Mt/yr by the end of 2014 through its many expansion projects. Following these two market leaders would come South African-based cement producer PPC with its expansion plans around the continent.
Meanwhile across the Atlantic in Latin America the Lafarge-Holcim merger threatens Cemex. Unlike in Africa where Lafarge has a ubiquitous but disparate presence, Lafarge and Holcim's cement assets are more evenly scattered around the Caribbean, Central and South America. In terms of cement production capacity Cemex and Lafarge-Holcim will both have around 30Mt/yr, with Cemex just in front. The next biggest cement producers in Latin America will be Votorantim (present mainly in Brazil) with just over 20Mt/yr and Cementos Argos (Columbia) with about the same. This includes some new acquisitions in the United States for the growing Columbian producer. In Ecuador Lafarge and Holcim held over 50% of the market share, hence the sale by Lafarge of its assets to Union Andina de Cementos for US$553m.
Depending on how well the merger integrates the two companies, corals the various subsidiaries and implements strategic thinking the merger could just create business as usual with little disruption to the existing order. Yet in both continents the merger has the opportunity to shake up and reinvigorate the cement markets as existing players suddenly discover serious new competition and react accordingly.
Africa has a population of 1.1bn and it had a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of US$2320/capita in 2013. South America had a population of 359m in 2010 and a GDP of US$8929/capita. This compares to US$27,250/capita in Europe and US$54,152/capita in the US. The economic development potential for each continent is humongous. Post-merger, LafargeHolcim will be first or second in line for some of this potential in Latin America and Africa.
Nigeria/South Africa: French cement maker Lafarge intends to combine its businesses in Nigeria and South Africa. The new company Lafarge Africa, which will be 73% owned by Lafarge Group, will remain listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The new company will have a cement production capacity of about 12Mt/yr in South Africa and Nigeria as well as operations in aggregates, ready-mix and fly ash. The new company will be worth more than US$3bn.
"I am proud to be part of the creation of this leading African building materials platform. It will provide access to growth in two of the largest economies on the continent. It will mean that our shareholders are invested in a larger and more geographically diverse business and it will contribute significantly to the economic growth of both our nations, " said Chairman of Lafarge WAPCO, Chief Olusegun Osunkeye.
Under the proposed terms, Lafarge Group will transfer its direct and indirect shareholdings in Lafarge South Africa Holdings (Pty) Limited (100% - representing 72.4% of underlying companies in South Africa), United Cement Company of Nigeria Limited (35%), Ashakacem plc (58.61%) and Atlas Cement Company Limited (100%) to Lafarge WAPCO. The transaction is subject to Lafarge WAPCO shareholder approvals and obtaining required regulatory and other customary authorisations. The group anticipates completion during the second half of 2014.
South Africa: PPC has announced that when the next round of PPC salary adjustments takes effect in October 2014, company CEO Ketso Gordhan would earn only 40 times more than his lowest-paid worker.
When Gordhan took over as CEO in January 2013 he was earning 120 times more than his lowest-paid worker. However, the company's drive to reduce the earnings differential had reduced this to a multiple of 48. This followed Gordhan's US$96,370 pay cut in October 2013, while the remuneration of his top 60 managers was frozen so that the wages of the cement maker's 1200 lowest-paid workers could be raised.
Gordhan said that he would not take a pay increase in October 2014 and PPC's other executives would be awarded increases of about 4.5 - 5%, less than the usual 6.5%. This would allow the minimum total pay package at PPC to be hiked to nearly US$1060. According to Gordhan, the 40-times multiple was seen by many as 'a justifiable spread.'
The company's new black economic empowerment (BEE) deal, which gives employees 12% share ownership in the company, could generate as much as US$193m for PPC's employees over five years if share price targets of US$5.78/share are reached.
The company's new BEE deal is a restructure of its 2008 deal, which was designed around broad-based trusts but was complicated and costly. The new BEE deal involves the issue of ordinary shares to the PPC Phakamani Trust and the issue of a new class of perpetual preference shares, to be used to raise capital to fund the unwinding.
South Africa: PPC has announced that in the first-half of its 2014 financial year, which ended in March 2014, its profit grew by 52% as the company consolidated its foreign units and increased its exports to counteract declining domestic sales.
Net income for the six months grew to US$47.2m from US$31.1m for the same period in 2013. Operating earnings before a number of one-time items rose by 3% to US$84.6m, while sales grew by 9% to US$398m.
Cement sales in South Africa were negatively impacted by a platinum mining strike and heavy rains during the period. Sales volumes in the north west of the country, where many of the platinum mines are located, fell by 25% in the first six months of PPC's reporting period and are not expected to recover in the near future.
"Improvements in export sales and the consolidation of sales from our Rwanda operation and newly-acquired Safika Cement business were partly offset by declining sales volumes in South Africa and Botswana," said chief executive Ketso Gordhan. PPC said that it remains optimistic that cement sales volumes will improve.
To combat a slow domestic market, PPC is expanding across Africa, including in countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DCR), Zimbabwe, Algeria and Mozambique, to boost foreign sales to 40% by 2017.
PPC said that Zimbabwe's economic slowdown had caused 'in-country liquidity constraints,' resulting in a fall in cement demand. Despite the slowdown, analysts have said that the country's infrastructural deficit presents immense opportunities for cement makers. PPC is investing US$12.4m to expand its cement plant in the country and plans to construct a 0.70Mt/yr cement plant under its subsidiary, PPC Zimbabwe. PPC also plans to retire two 'less-efficient' mills at its Bulawayo plant. "The new mill in Harare gives a competitive advantage and a phased capital expenditure approach reduces risk," said Gordhan.
Gordhan said that PPC plans to construct a US$200m clinker plant on the border with Mozambique and a cement plant in Tete, Mozambique.
In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), PPC is investing US$280m to build a 1Mt/yr cement plant in the west of the country. The plant is currently under construction. PPC will assume 69% ownership of the plant, while the Barnet Group will own 21% and the International Finance Corporation will own 10%.
Hodna Cement Company, in which PPC has a 49% interest, plans to construct a 2Mt/yr cement plant near Sétif, Algeria to be constructed by China's Sinoma. "We are optimistic that we will be on site by the end of 2014," Gordhan said. Algerian cement demand is estimated at 22Mt/yr.
South Africa: Investors have confirmed that construction has started on a new 1Mt/yr cement plant by Mamba Cement in Northam, Limpopo. Nedbank Capital and the Bank of China Johannesburg are providing US$107m of debt capital to fund Mamba, according to Business Day. Equity was provided by majority shareholder Jidong Development Group, the China-Africa Development Fund and by Women Investment Portfolio Holdings.
Nedbank Capital's infrastructure, energy and telecommunications head Mike Peo said that construction had already started and the project was expected to be completed by 2016.
"We obviously had a very hard look at the South African cement market. This plant is very close to Johannesburg, a primary market, so the transport costs and the actual cost point at which it can compete is going to be very attractive," said Peo. He added that the outlook for cement demand was 'extremely good' driven by government's infrastructure plans and the provision of housing.
BEE deal increases staff ownership of PPC to 12%
04 April 2014South Africa: PPC's new black economic empowerment (BEE) deal has shifted the beneficiary base from broad-based trusts to the company's employees themselves, using the 'proximity principle.' The new transaction will increase the company's staff ownership to 12%.
This follows a move in 2013 to close the income inequality gap through an executive pay freeze that bumped up the salaries of lower-paid workers. CEO Ketso Gordhan said that the company has spent time on the ground with its employees, who have shown an appreciation for being listened to. Whether PPC will follow this up with further executive pay cuts and freezes remains to be seen, though Gordhan has said that the company intends to reduce the wage differential further.
South Africa: The board of directors of Sephaku Holdings have announced that Johannes Wilhelm Wessels died on 23 March 2014. Wessels was an alternate director to Rudolph de Bruin since 2007 on the Sephaku Holdings board.
Wessels originally provided legal counsel on the emerging business structure in 2005 and he later joined Sephaku Holdings as Head of Corporate Affairs holding key responsibility for group legal counsel, transaction structuring advice and contractual negotiations. He led the process of the group's unbundling strategy and worked on the legal and tax aspects of the process. Wessels helped reposition the company from a multiple mineral exploration company to a construction and building materials focused company.
"Wes was pivotal in negotiating the relationship agreement with Dangote Industries PLC to establish Sephaku Holdings' partnership in South Africa's newest cement producer since 1934, Sephaku Cement. At the time of his untimely death Wes was also serving as a director of the Sephaku Cement board. We will always remember him for his astuteness, legal savvy, business acumen and spontaneous sense of humour," said Chief Executive Officer, Lelau Mohuba.
PPC to enter Algerian cement market
10 February 2014Algeria: South African cement firm PPC has announced that it will buy a stake in an Algerian cement company as part of its drive to boost sales outside its home market.
PPC said that it will buy a 49% stake in Hodna Cement, which plans to construct a US$350m plant in the country. PPC did not disclose how much the deal will cost, but said that it will be funded on a project finance basis, with 80% of the debt to be sourced from local Algerian banks.
"This project sees us entering yet another African country and gives us confidence that by 2017, 40% of PPC revenues will be earned outside of South Africa," said PPC CEO, Ketso Gordhan. PPC is also constructing cement plants in Ethiopia, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
South Africa: ARM Cement Ltd has yet to receive its directors' approval for a plan to construct a plant in South Africa.
"We have not approved any budget or plans at our board yet," said Pradeep Paunrana, managing director of ARM Cement. Mafikeng Cement, in which ARM has a 70% stake, plans to build a 3000t/day plant in South Africa.
ARM Cement is considering selling Eurobonds to help fund a planned US$300m expansion programme that will double cement production within four years, according to Paunrana.
African nations are investing heavily in the construction of ports, railways and power generation projects that will help to accelerate economic growth. Kenya's cement consumption has surged by 60% to 85.7kg/capita since 2009, while South Africa's has increased to 300kg/capita and Egypt's has reached 500kg/capita.
Dangote and PPC about to go head-to-head in South Africa
27 November 2013Both Dangote Cement and PPC have reminded the world about their development plans for sub-Saharan Africa. In the wake of PPC's yearly results on 19 November 2013 came a spotlight on the South Africa-based cement producer's international ambitions. Not to be outdone, Nigeria's Dangote Cement then put out a press release detailing all of its big development projects.
Dangote and PPC are set to go into direct competition when the Dangote subsidiary, Sephakhu Cement, opens its 3Mt/yr integrated cement plant at Aganang, North West province in early 2014. It will be the first time the Nigerian cement giant will be producing cement in the same country as its competitor in sub-Saharan Africa, PPC. The encounter will set the tone for the producers' next clash when they both open cement plants in Ethiopia in 2015.
Both the African cement producers are targeting a swathe of south to east sub-Saharan Africa from South African to Ethiopia. PPC, based in South Africa, has a presence in neighbouring Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It has bought stakes in cement producers in Rwanda, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and has new cement plants on the way in Ethiopia, Rwanda, Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In contrast to PPC's more 'organic' growth strategy from an established base, Dangote, with its existing presence in west Africa is about to enter this region. It has new projects planned in Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia, as well as in Ethiopia and South Africa.
To compare the financing behind each company's expansion, Dangote reported that it had committed US$884m for acquisitions in 2012. PPC intends to spend US$276m on capital expenditure in its 2014 financial year. If these figures from financial reports are correct, Dangote is spending three times as much as PPC on expansion. Dangote may have more money for expansion but PPC has long-standing presences in the region or has recently acquired them.
Dangote reported an 18% rise year-on-year in turnover to US$1.8bn in 2012. The same year its sales volumes increased to 10.4Mt from 8.66Mt in 2012. The company's installed cement production capacity was reported as 19.25Mt from three plants in Nigeria. In comparison, PPC reported a 13% rise in revenue to US$820m for its financial year to the end of September 2013. No exact cement productions figures were released but PPC said that cement sales increased by 7% in the period.
How Dangote and PPC spar in South Africa remains to be seen but one area where they may agree will be on imports. In its final results for 2013, PPC again highlighted the continuing threat of imports from Pakistan, mainly via Durban. Imports comprised 7.6% of national demand as of June 2013. In Nigeria in 2012 Dangote led successfully a campaign to cut foreign imports. Irrespective of increasing demand for cement, adding Dangote to the anti-cement import lobby in South Africa might well make space for a new producer.