Displaying items by tag: Adani Group
Ambuja Cements’ open offer for increased Sanghi Industries stake to commence on 29 September 2023
23 August 2023India: Ambuja Cements’ open offer to acquire an additional 26% stake in Sanghi Industries will run from 29 September 2023 to 13 October 2023. Press Trust of India News has reported the value of shares under the offer as up to US$767m. Ambuja Cements concluded a deal to acquire a 57% stake in Sanghi Industries, for the smaller sum of US$603m, on 3 August 2023.
Update on India, August 2023
09 August 2023Adani Group announced this week that it was set to acquire a majority stake in Sanghi Cement. Its subsidiary Ambuja Cements said it was going to spend an enterprise value of just over US$600m on buying a 57% share in Sanghi Industries. The acquisition will be fully funded through internal accruals. The transaction works out at about US$99/t of clinker production capacity, a similar amount to what Adani Group paid Holcim to buy Ambuja Cements and ACC in 2022.
The acquisition has generally been perceived as consolidation in a crowded market. Profits have been under pressure in recent years due to the coronavirus pandemic lockdowns, logistics issues and then energy and other input price rises. However, commentators from ICICI Securities, cited in the local press, took the alternative view that Adani Group might be trying to start a price war in the west of India. They noted that demand for cement was 70Mt/yr in the region versus a production capacity of 82Mt/yr. Yet Sanghi Cement has reportedly been operating at less than a third of its capacity. Adani Group also revealed its intention to increase the cement production capacity at Sanghi Cement’s Sanghipuram plant to 15Mtyr by mid-2025 from 6.1Mt/yr at present. If the plant were upgraded it would potentially increase Adani Group’s market share from 19% to 37%.
Another aspect to consider with any large corporate action by Adani Group is the political angle. Adani Group’s chair Gautam Adani is often linked in the local press to the country’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. So, every time Adani Group does something newsworthy, opponents of the BJP play up the perceived connections. This time the Indian National Congress (INC) simply noted publicly that a rival bidder for Sanghi Cement had encountered a tax investigation before it withdrew from the auction. There is no evidence suggesting that anything underhand happened here. Yet the point to consider going forward is that anything that Adani Group does is likely to be subject to more scrutiny than its peers. This may have unexpected consequences.
The financial results for the India-based cement producers covering the first quarter of the 2023 - 2024 year have been released in recent weeks. Generally, revenue and sales are up strongly but profits less so. Due to this, there has been a lot of attention placed on the costs these companies are incurring. Inflation on energy costs reportedly peaked in late 2022, but as Graph 1 below shows, it has been a mixed situation for the larger cement companies.
Graph 1: Comparison of Power & Fuel costs for selected Indian cement producers in first quarter of 2021, 2022 and 2023 financial years. Source: Company financial reports.
UltraTech cement said that its energy cost grew by 3% year-on-year in the first quarter of the 2024 fiscal year and it blamed this mainly on negative currency exchange effects. It also reported higher raw material costs due to the growing price of fly ash and slag. Ambuja Cements (and subsidiary ACC) managed to cut both its fuel costs and increase its earnings, which, while impressive, is not entirely unexpected following the takeover by Adani Group in mid-2022. Similarly to UltraTech Cement, neither Shree Cement nor Dalmia Cement were able to grow earnings faster than revenue, so earnings per tonne of cement fell. Birla Corp, however, did manage to pull off this trick due to a “substantial decline in fuel and power costs.”
One consequence of a competitive cement market with lower profits than previously, is a renewed emphasis on marketing. Adani Group’s subsidiaries Ambuja Cements and ACC both highlighted the companies’ branding and marketing activities in the first quarter. Ambuja Cements has resurrected its television advert with wrestler The Great Khali, ACC is highlighting its part in the building industry since the 1930s with its own campaign and both companies are targeting sporting events such as the India versus Australia World Test Championship. Adani Group is building up brand awareness following the acquisition and potentially leading up to a name change in the future.
The other companies are also doing this but one campaign that sticks out has been Shree Cement’s use of classic video games such as the ‘Shree Cement Bros” video on its website. Computer game character Mario has done a lot of things in his time but he also worked in a cement plant back in the 1980s Game & Watch title ‘Mario’s Cement Factory.’ We are still waiting for the 4k remake with online multiplayer for some reason! Until then, it is worth reflecting that brand awareness is important in the world’s second largest cement market and it may become more so as Adani Group continues to establish itself.
India: Amubja Cements has appointed Hitesh L Marthak as its company secretary and compliance officer. Hitesh holds 25 years professional experience. He was appointed to the same positions at subsidiary ACC in late July 2023. Both Ambuja Cements and ACC are part of Adani Group.
India: Ambuja Cements has concluded a deal to acquire a 57% stake in Sanghi Industries for US$202m. Reuters has reported that the company has offered to subsequently increase its stake in Sanghi Industries to as much as 83% for up to US$295m in total. It will fund the acquisition of any stake through internal accruals. Sanghi Industries operates the 6.1Mt/yr Sanghipuram cement plant, which is equipped with a 130MW captive power plant and a 13MW waste heat recovery (WHR) plant. The cement plant, in Gujarat, also has a single-jetty port on the Arabian Sea coast. Ambuja Cements' parent company Adani Group plans to more than double the Sanghipuram cement plant's capacity to 15Mt/yr.
Adani Group chair Gautam Adani said “By joining hands with Sanghi Industries, Ambuja is poised to expand its market presence, strengthen its product portfolio and reinforce its position as a leader in the construction materials sector. With this acquisition, Adani Group is well on course to achieve its target of 140Mt/yr of cement manufacturing capacity by 2028 ahead of time.”
India: Ambuja Cement recorded revenues of US$1.06bn in the first quarter of the 2024 financial year, up by 9% year-on-year from the previous first quarter. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 55% to US$234m. The producer reported a 17% reduction in its fuel costs, from US$30.16/Mcal to US$27.07/Mcal. Nonetheless, its net profit fell by 38% to US$78.1m from US$127m.
Chief executive officer Ajay Kapur said “Along with the strong demand for our premium cement products, growth was fuelled by our various competences in operational excellence, supply chain management and sales and marketing excellence. Our synergies with the Adani Group companies are lowering input costs, which is boosting EBITDA growth. Furthermore, our blueprint of improvements through group synergies and capital expenditure for efficiency and decarbonisation whilst creating opportunities, will redefine the cement industry landscape. These include lowering the clinker factor, diminishing energy intensity, implementing waste heat recovery (WHR) systems and augmenting renewable energy generation.” He added “Our long-term competitiveness remains robust, ensuring industry-leading profitability as we chase our ambitious growth goals. With a firm belief in our strategic approach, we are poised to continue our trajectory of outstanding performance as we are devoted to sustainable and responsible growth.”
India: ACC says that it will not carry out an independent investigation into its parent company Adani Group. US-based short-seller Hindenburg Research accused the group of stock manipulation and accounting fraud involving a 'labyrinthine network' of shell companies in January 2023. Prior to making its accusations, Hindenburg Research obtained a short position on Adani Group. An investigation into Adani Group's activities by the Securities and Exchange Board of India will conclude on 14 August 2023. Filings have also been submitted to the Supreme Court of India.
The Business Standard newspaper has reported that ACC said "Pending final outcome of regulatory investigations and related proceedings, the company has decided to not carry out any separate independent investigation in the matter, and the financial results do not carry any adjustments in this regard." It added "The expert committee submitted its report in the matter dated 6 May 2023, finding no regulatory failure."
Adani Group's original rebuttal of the allegations can be read online here.
India: ACC recorded sales of US$632m in the first quarter of the 2024 financial year, which began on 1 April 2023. This corresponds to a year-on-year rise of 16% from US$545m. The Economic Times newspaper has reported that ACC increased its cement and clinker sales volumes by 23% to 9.4Mt. The producer reported earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of US$103m, up by 77% year-on-year. It attributed this to lower costs, including fuel costs, and increased operational efficiencies. Its net profit more than doubled during the quarter, to US$56.6m from US$27.6m in the first quarter of the previous financial year.
ACC said "The cement industry is in positive cycle of demand, as well as cost factors. This comes at the most apposite time, when the company is in a transformation phase, buoyed by synergies with the group. We expect the positive trend of industry to continue in the second quarter of 2023."
Gujarat-based conglomerate Adani Group completed its acquisition of ACC on 16 September 2022. It subsequently began to relocate 'significant roles' from the cement producer's headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Seeking a stake in Sanghi Cement
26 July 2023Adani Group and JK Lakshmi Cement were reported to be leading the race to acquire Sanghi Cement this week. The Economic Times newspaper reported sources who said that both companies are about to start due diligence processes ahead of making formal offers in the next few months. The enterprise value of Gujarat-based Sanghi Cement is around US$730m. Shree Cement, Nirma Group and Dalmia Bharat were said to have been interested previously, but no longer at this stage. However, none of the companies involved have commented directly on any bidding process so far.
Coverage in the India-based press earlier in July 2023 suggested that Shree Cement had dropped out of the bidding process for a 40 - 70% stake in Sanghi Cement. Although the exact reasons for Shree Cement withdrawal were not expressed, it was noted that the enterprise value for Sanghi Cement included debts of around US$220m. In late 2022 the Kotak Mahindra Bank made an investment of around US$67m in Sanghi Cement to ‘help the company's liquidity profile and enhance its operations.’ The head of the bank’s Special Situations Fund added that the cement producer’s performance had been under pressure due to high energy costs and that this had been further exacerbated by impending debt repayments stemming from expansion capital expenditure.
Sanghi Cement had the misfortune of commissioning a new line at its integrated plant during the Covid-19 pandemic. The subsidiary of Sanghi Industries operates a 6.6Mt/yr unit at Kutch in Gujarat, with a 130MW captive power plant and a 13MW waste heat recovery (WHR) unit, making it one of the largest plants in the country. It also owns three cement terminals in Gujarat, Maharashtra and Goa. Its annual power and fuel costs rose by 79% year-on-year to US$49.9m in the year to March 2022. Then its finance costs tripled to US$29m in the year to March 2023. Some of the increased fuel costs may have been down to the new production line but its total income in the year to March 2023 was lower than in the year to March 2019.
Adani Group and JK Lakshmi Cement both operate plants in Gujarat. Adani Group runs one integrated and one grinding plant in the state via its Ambuja Cement subsidiary. JK Lakshmi Cement owns a grinding plant. A number of other companies additionally manufacture cement in the state. The biggest of these is the country’s largest cement producer, UltraTech Cement, with three integrated plants and two grinding ones in Gujarat. It would be a surprise if this company tried to buy a share of Sanghi Cement. One prominent India-based cement company that does not have a manufacturing presence in the state is Shree Cement. This made it a compelling candidate for the acquisition before it ruled itself out.
On the national stage, ratings agency ICRA’s June 2023 cement sector report forecast a ‘stable’ outlook for the sector, with cement volumes expected to grow by 7 - 8% in the 2024 financial year. This should be supported by the residential market and infrastructure projects. Crucially, it also noted that power and fuel costs, which peaked in the July - December 2022, eased in early 2023 and are anticipated to further soften in the 2024 financial year. The agency’s view was that this would help company earnings margins, but not to the levels seen in the five years prior to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This may be cold comfort for Sanghi Cement, but it may have implications for any bidding process.
Lastly, ICRA also warned of the weakening effects that El Niño could have on the monsoon season and, in turn, rural house building during this period. The weather has been a ‘hot’ topic globally this year, as various records have been broken. Yet on a day-to-day basis the weather can also affect the business of making and selling cement. ICRA’s concern was for the latter. An example of the former occurred in June 2023 when Cyclone Biporjoy caused disruption at Sanghi Cement’s Sanghipuram plant. The unit was shut down in mid-June 2023 to protect the staff. Some damage was reported and the plant reopened at the end of the month. Again, as with fuel prices, the weather may also play a part in the calculations of any company considering buying a stake in Sanghi Cement.
ACC to increase cement capacity by 16Mt/yr by 2028
20 July 2023India: Adani Group subsidiary ACC says that it will add 16Mt/yr-worth of new cement capacity in the five years up to the end of the 2028 financial year in March 2028. CEO Ajay Kapur said that the producer may implement the expansion plan in as short a time as two years. Reuters has reported that the company expects cement demand in India to rise by 7 – 8% between the 2023 financial year and the 2028 financial year.
Ethiopia/India: Sinoma International Engineering and its subsidiaries have signed contracts to upgrade cement plants for Ethiopia-based Derba MIDROC Cement and India-based Ambuja Cement.
Sinoma International Engineering has signed a contract worth US$290m with Derba MIDROC Cement to build a 5000t/day clinker production line at the cement producer’s plant at Deba in Oromia. The project includes supplying a full line from raw material crushing to cement packaging. Once payment conditions are confirmed the project should take around 30 months.
Ambuja Cement has signed a contract with Sinoma subsidiary Tianjin Cement Industry Design and Research Institute (Sinoma TCDRI) to supply upgrades to its integrated Bhatapara plant in Chhattisgarh and its Farakka and Sankrail grinding plants in West Bengal. The clinker plant’s production capacity will be expanded to 4Mt/yr and both grinding plants will be increased to 2Mt/yr respectively. The value of the contract is around US$285m. Schedules for the proposed work will be agreed subject to further negotiation.