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When we think about ‘up and coming’ regions for the global cement sector, Africa is high on many people’s lists. This is unsurprising given that Africa is the youngest continent on Earth, with a population set to boom to 2.5 billion by 2050 – or 1 in 4 of the global population for that year, according to the UN. This population, 1 billion higher than today, will drive rapid urbanisation. Cement capacities, currently around 350Mt/yr across the continent, will have to rise substantially to meet demand.

Filling part of this rise will be Amsons Group. This week it announced plans for a US$320m investment in a 1.6Mt/yr greenfield cement plant in Tanzania. It also promised a whopping US$400m to revamp Bamburi Cement in Kenya, should its existing US$180m bid for the Holcim subsidiary be accepted. Based on the numbers for Tanzania, this investment might be enough to take Bamburi Cement from 1.1Mt/yr to around 3Mt/yr, assuming similar project scope and equipment suppliers.

So, what is Amsons Group? Founded in 2000, Amsons is a Tanzania-based conglomerate with interests in construction, transport, flour, container depots, cement and concrete. It already operates Camel Cement, a grinding plant, in the Mbagala suburb of Dar es Salaam and it owns a 65% stake in the 1.1Mt/yr integrated Mbeya Cement plant, which it bought from Holcim in September 2023. The group’s website states that it emphasises local production of materials to reduce the nation’s reliance on imports. A greenfield cement plant fits right into that philosophy.

Looking at recent market trends, we see some positive news for Amsons. In Tanzania, cement production rose by 6.2% to 8Mt in 2023, according to the country’s Ministry of Industry. This followed a 9.7% rise in the prior year. Data is so far lacking for 2024. To the north, cement consumption ramped up strongly in Kenya in the second half of 2023, following a less than stellar start to the year. Thanks to a particularly strong June to September period, consumption finally ended 2023 around 0.8% higher than the previous year, at 9.6Mt. However, consumption tailed off in the final quarter. Worse, the first four months of 2024 - the most recent data available from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics - saw a 10% decline in cement consumption relative to the same period of 2023, falling to 2.6Mt/yr.

As Africa lacks cement capacity compared to other regions, it is important to highlight that Amsons’ new plants will have to take on not just existing capacity in East Africa, but countries that export to the continent too. Indeed, this week Pakistan, a long-time agitator of South African cement producers, reported a year-on-year rise in exports for October 2024. Exports rose to 4.36Mt, a 9% increase compared to 4Mt in October 2023. This news comes amid precipitously falling domestic demand within Pakistan, with September 2024 shipments down by 22% year-on-year. It is also worth noting that Tanzania itself exported around 1.1Mt of cement to Rwanda, Burundi, Malawi, the DRC and Zambia in 2023. This figure will likely be higher in 2024, given the February 2024 launch of Huaxin Cement Tanzania Maweni Company’s 1.3Mt/yr plant in Mavini, which has a focus on exports.

This apparent abundance of existing capacity, plus exposure to imports, would appear to give an investor like Amsons Group pause for thought. However, it has committed to a total investment of US$900m. This is not small change. If we add in the money it paid for Mbeya Cement in September 2023 – the amount was not disclosed – Amsons will likely shell out more than US$1bn in just a few years. It is going ‘all in’ to become, in the words of its Managing Director Edha Nahdi, “one of the largest cement manufacturers in Kenya and Tanzania by 2030.” It will be very interesting to follow it on its journey.

Pakistan: Fecto Cement has announced the withdrawal of Rohail Ajmal as a Director of its Board. This decision was made by Saudi Pak Industrial and Agricultural Investment Company, as per the rules outlined in Regulation 5.6.1 of the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) Rule Book. The Board of Directors of Fecto Cement will appoint a replacement for the vacant position in due course.

Türkiye: Limak Çimento has carried out a month-long test on hydrogen fuel blends at its cement plant in Ankara. The company partnered with France-based Air Liquide for the supply of hydrogen, which was injected into the preheater tower. The pair previously used a 50% hydrogen blend during a test at Limak’s Polatli plant in June 2024, with ‘excellent results’, according to Hydrogen Insight.

Erkam Kocakerim, CEO of Limak Çimento, said "The purpose of this investment is to enable safe and effective use of hydrogen technologies in our cement kilns and to increase the rate of alternative fuel substitution. We aim to operate the kilns in our seven integrated cement plants with a low-carbon fuel mix between 2030 and 2035."

Oman: Raysut Cement Company has launched a programme to recycle industrial byproducts for use as alternative fuel in cement production and electricity generation, to align with Oman's goal of net zero emissions by 2050.

Hilal bin Saif Al-Dhamri, Acting CEO of Raysut Cement, said "We use secondary industrial materials resulting from production processes across various industries. These are recycled in cement manufacturing and are categorised into two types: one that can be reused as an alternative fuel in plants, the other is used as a partial replacement to the main raw materials leveraged for cement production.” He added "We implemented a project to reuse exhaust heat and convert it to electrical energy at the Raysut Cement plant in Salalah. This innovative approach permits the plant to generate approximately 30% of its electrical energy, by reducing around 50,000t/yr of CO₂. As a result, the Salalah Raysut Cement plant stands out as environmentally friendly, distinguished by its capability to provide clean energy for cement production."

Al-Dhamri also noted that the company was able to enhance the efficiency of its Salalah plant through this programme, by reducing the clinker content while improving the performance of cement in concrete. This has reportedly contributed to a CO₂ emissions reduction of around 18% compared to ordinary cement.

Morocco: Cement deliveries in Morocco reached 11.12Mt from January - October 2024, up by 8% compared to the same period in 2023. The Moroccan Cement Association (APC) reported that cement sales in October 2024 increased to 1.3Mt, a 20% rise from 1.08Mt in October 2023. The APC has attributed this growth to high demand across various construction segments.

Vietnam: Vietnam produced 149Mt of cement between January and October 2024, up by 1.7% year-on-year. In October 2024, production was 16Mt, marking a rise of 7.1% from October 2023. Total production in 2023 was 120Mt, down by 4.5% year-on-year.

Nigeria: ABC Haulage, the heavy-duty vehicle division of ABC Transport, has expanded its operations at one of Lafarge Africa's cement plants by introducing a new fleet of compressed natural gas (CNG) powered vehicles. Victor Nneji, head of innovation & strategy at ABC Transport, said that adopting CNG technology has reduced operating costs by reducing dependency on diesel. This expansion increases the company’s capacity at the unnamed plant by 250,000t/yr.

Argentina: Cement shipments remained below pandemic and pre-pandemic levels in October 2024, which marked the sixth decline so far in 2024, according to Clarion newspaper. October 2024 saw shipments down by 20% year-on-year and 1.1% month-on-month, according to the Portland Cement Manufacturing Association (AFCP). In October 2024, sales dropped to 907,421t. 7.9Mt of cement was sold in the first 10 months of 2024 compared to 10.7Mt in the same period in 2023. Consumption also suffered a year-on-year decrease of 20% ​​and a monthly decline of 1.3%. The industry attributes the downturn primarily to a halt in national public works, as well as rising costs such as taxes on limestone and quarry exploitation fees.

Damián Altgelt, executive director of AFCP, said "The cement sector is going through a difficult year, with a drop of close to 25% compared to 2023. We confidently hope that the macroeconomic measures that the government is undertaking will allow us to overcome this transition period soon and recover the highest levels of activity again. In the past four months we have seen around 0.9Mt of cement sold (per month), which is clearly higher than the very depressed levels we had in the first half of 2024.”

Philippines: The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) has launched a safeguard measures investigation on cement imports to counter the ‘persistent influx’ affecting the Philippine market, according to the Manila Standard. This investigation has been praised by the Cement Manufacturers’ Association of the Philippines (CeMAP), and aims to support local producers who are reportedly facing competition, despite the country’s production capacity of 50Mt/yr exceeding national demand, which is currently around 35Mt/yr.

Executive director of CeMAP Renato Baja said that imported cement from countries like Vietnam, where domestic demand is low and exports are high, affects local manufacturers. Vietnam contributes 93% of the Philippine’s cement imports, followed by China and Indonesia. According to Baja, local production currently operates at only 55- 60% of its installed capacity, which has increased production costs and forced temporary shutdowns of some plants. The DTI has invited cement manufacturers to submit their views on the imposition of safeguard measures. According to The Philippine Star, the DTI will conduct a preliminary investigation to decide if safeguard measures on cement imports are necessary. This is in line with Republic Act 8800, which allows the imposition of temporary safeguards or increased tariffs to protect domestic industries from an increase in imports.

Pakistan: Despite low domestic cement demand, exports rose in October 2024, with total despatches reaching 4.36Mt, a 9% increase compared to 4Mt in October 2023. The All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association reported a 51% increase in export despatches, from 714,325t in October 2023 to 1.1Mt in October 2024. This increase offset the slow local market demand, which saw a minor decline of 0.5% in domestic despatches to 3.28Mt from 3.3Mt.

Over the first four months of the 2024 financial year (July – October 2024), total cement despatches (domestic and exports) fell by 8% to 14.6Mt from 16Mt in the previous year's corresponding period. Domestic despatches decreased by 15% to 11.4Mt, whereas exports grew by 31%, reaching 3.2Mt from 2.5Mt.