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Two news stories merit a closer look at Argentina this week. Firstly, Loma Negra fired up the kiln on its new 2.7Mt/yr production line at the L’Amalí cement plant in Olavarría. Work on the US$350m started in 2017 but was delayed due to the coronavirus pandemic. Notably, engineers from China-based Sinoma International Engineering, who built the plant, caused a stir when they arrived in Argentina in full personal protective equipment in late 2020 to continue work on the project. Full commissioning of the second line at the plant is scheduled for July or August 2021.

Almost at the same time, the Argentine government announced it had persuaded local building materials producers to stick to reference prices for construction materials, including cement, in order to control inflation. Loma Negra, Cemento Avellaneda and Petroquímica Comodoro Rivadavia (PCR) were said to be on board with the ‘voluntary’ plan. Building materials prices generally were reported to have risen 85% year-on-year in May 2021 compared to a national inflation rate of 49%. The new arrangement is planned to last until the end of 2021 with revisions to the reference prices every two months.

Graph 1: Cement sales in Argentina including imports and exports, 2016 – 2021. Note that the 2021 figure is an estimate. Source: Asociación de Fabricantes de Cemento Portland (AFCP).

Data from the Asociación de Fabricantes de Cemento Portland (AFCP) doesn’t show any obvious signs of disruption from inflation so far in 2021. Cement sales grew by 50.5% year-on-year to 4.55Mt in the five months to May 2021 from 3.02Mt in the same period in 2020. The cement market in Argentina didn’t shut down but it hit a low of 0.41Mt in April 2020 before compensating with a strong second half of the year, most likely due to pent-up demand as the economy reopened following local coronavirus-related lockdowns. At the time of writing the AFCP has forecast that cement sales will reach 11.3Mt in 2021, a slight rise over the 11.1Mt reported in 2019, when the market was more stable. However, cumulative sales to May 2021 are slightly behind similar sales in 2019.

Loma Negra’s upgrade at its L’Amalí plant follows Holcim Argentina’s inauguration of a new 0.5Mt/yr clinker production line at its Malagueño cement plant in Cordoba in May 2021. This project also added a 0.63Mt/yr cement grinding unit at the site as well as a new 120,000 bag/day despatch unit. Altogether it had a price of US$120m. This followed the announcement in late April 2021 that the subsidiary of LafargeHolcim was planning to open 1000 new branches of its Disensa retail chain in the country by 2024.

Loma Negra reported a 13% drop in sales to US$436m in 2020 from US$500m in 2019. However, its adjusted earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 3% to US$139m from US$136m. This was partly aided by the sales of its Paraguayan operations during 2020. At face value, Cemento Avellaneda had a tougher time of its in 2020 with its sales down by 22% to Euro111m and EBITDA down by 9% to Euro37m. However, once adjusted on a like-for-like basis with constant currencies and without a hyperinflation adjustment, its sales and earnings actually rose by 22% and 45% respectively.

Holcim Argentina’s director Christian Dedeu was interviewed by national news agency Télam in May 2021 around the time of the upgrade at the Malagueño cement plant was officially completed. When asked by the company had made the investment he said that the country had potential for both the residential and infrastructure sectors. He also pointed out that the subsidiary of Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim had been forced to import clinker at times of high demand previously. The announcements for both the Loma Negra and Holcim Argentina new lines were made at the end of 2017 when the market hit a high in sales volumes. Since then the country has faced rocketing inflation, further delays to it debt repayment programme to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the coronavirus pandemic. Producing more commodities, such as clinker, domestically certainly seems enticing with high inflation and unfavourable foreign currency exchange rates. So, the new production lines from Loma Negra and Holcim Argentina are well timed in this sense unless they get hit by any mounting input costs, from imported raw materials for example. On the other hand the government’s measures to curb inflation such as reference prices for cement may constrain the cement producers’ flexibility. As the local construction industry slowly recovers after 2020, continued uncertainty lies ahead.

Austria: W&P Zement has appointed Jerneja Potocnik, Florian Salzer and Peter Ramskogler as its finance, technology and sales directors respectively. The trio started their roles in April 2021. The appointments are intended to allow managing directors Lutz Weber and Bernhard Auer to focus on the development and growth of the parent company Alpacem and its other subsidiaries with respect to sustainability and digitisation. The decision is also planned to allow W&P Zement to work on modernising its integrated plants at Wietersdorf and Peggau.

Kuwait: The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has banned all export and re-export of cement and other construction materials from Kuwait. However, it has allowed individual citizens to import construction materials for personal use. The ban is part of a raft of a measures intended to stem the increase in building material prices. The Kuwait News Agency has reported that cement prices rose after the resurgence of the coronavirus outbreak in India suspended Indian imports.

The ministry subsidises building materials including cement and concrete. In May 2021 it paid US$45m towards such subsidies. It continues to monitor the cement market and cement production for ‘unlawful’ price rises.

Kuwait’s cement production capacity is 9.0Mt/yr, while 2020 consumption was 6.0Mt.

India: Two pipe bombs have been found by police at India Cements plant at Sankarnagar, Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu. The explosives were discovered after the plant manager was asked for a ransom of around US$70,000, according to the Indo-Asian News Service. Police suspect that the bombs were left at the site by former employees whose contracts were terminated due to coronavirus-related restrictions. However, terrorist activity is also being considered. The cement producer said that no one was hurt in the incident and production at the site continues uninterrupted.

Dominican Republic: The Dominican Association of Portland Cement Producers (ADOCEM) reports that the local sector produced 5.1Mt of cement in 2020. 4.4Mt was consumed locally and around 0.7Mt was exported, according to the El Día newspaper. The country has five integrated plants and two grinding plants.

Cameroon: Two cement trucks masquerading as belonging to a United Nations agency have been seized by customs officials. The smugglers were pretending to be transporting food and pharmaceutical products in transit to Chad, according the Ecofin Agency. The cement is believed to have originated from Nigeria. The operation by customs authorities was part of the ongoing Halcomi (halte au commerce illicite) initiative.

North America: Australia-based Boral has signed an agreement with a subsidiary of Westlake Chemical Corporation for the sale of its North American Building Products business. The value of the sale is US$2.15bn and the proceeds will increase Boral’s surplus capital, enabling it to reduce its net debt target to US$0.98m from US$1.13m. Boral’s North American Building Products manufactures and supplies cladding, roof tiles, windows and other light building products for residential and commercial markets

Under its on-going review of its North American Fly Ash business, Boral is now considering a divestment, a joint venture or a strategic alliance formation for the subsidiary. It said that it expects to decide by August 2021.

Russia: Chrysotile producer Uralasbestcement has acquired a 54% stake in Belgorodasbestcement via its subsidiary Asbotsemizdelie. Belgorodasbestcement produces chrysotile or white asbestos cement products for domestic sale and export, according to the AK&M Information Agency.

Malawi: Switzerland-based Holcim says that the world’s first 3D printed school has opened in Salima district’s Kalonga village after a build time of just 18 hours. The EcoPact green concrete producer says the building provides a much-needed thirteenth school in Yambe, which still needs three more. Holcim’s green construction subsidiary 14Trees estimates that its 3D printing technology can meet Malawi’s school building needs by 2031, compared to after 2090 by conventional methods. The group said that the school proves that “3D printing can play a key role in bridging our world’s education infrastructure gap” with high-quality, sustainable, affordable and fast-paced construction, at scale.

Europe, Middle East and Africa regional head Miljan Gutovic said, “I am very proud of how our colleagues at 14Trees have deployed cutting-edge 3D printing technology to solve such an essential infrastructure need. Now that we’ve proven the concept in Malawi, we look forward to scaling up this technology across the broader region, with projects already in the pipeline in Kenya and Zimbabwe.”

India: Ambuja Cement Foundation has signed a memorandum of understanding with Vedanta Limited subsidiary Talwani Sabo Power Limited (TSPL). India Blooms News has reported that the partners plan to promote 200 self-help groups in Mansa district, Punjab. The groups’ focus will be on the empowerment of women. Under the memorandum of understanding, the partnership will establish at least three independent enterprises to address community problems in the district.

Managing director and chief executive officer Pearl Tiwari said, “As our major focus is on women, gender and livelihoods, our new partnership with TSPL will further support us to drive impactful initiatives under the women empowerment programme and enhance our already existing programmes in Punjab.”