Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW460 / 17 June 2020

Headlines


April 2020 data from the Japanese Cement Association (JCA) suggests that Japan has avoided the worst effects of the coronavirus outbreak. The industry’s total sales fell by 2.4% year-on-year to 16.4Mt in the first four months of 2020 from 16.8Mt in the same period in 2019. This is the kind of change associated with business as usual market trends, rather than the 20% declines seen elsewhere around the world in association to the coronavirus. In part this reflects the country’s case and mortality rate, which are far lower than other Group of Seven (G7) countries. The reasons for this may be due to lower levels of testing, less stringent lockdown measures and a more effective public health strategy. That last point is perhaps even more impressive given the population’s high median age (47.3). Whatever the reasons, the overall effect on the construction materials business seems low.

Graph 1: Cement production, sales, imports and exports in Japan. Source: Japanese Cement Association.

Graph 1: Cement production, sales, imports and exports in Japan. Source: Japanese Cement Association.

Graph 1 above shows the Japanese cement market in a historical context. Production peaked in the mid 1990s at a little below 100Mt/yr followed by a decline to above 40Mt/yr since 2010. This informs the current situation once one removes any effects from the health emergency. As Naoki Ono, the chairman of the JCA and the chief executive officer (CEO) of Mitsubishi Materials, described it in late May 2020, domestic demand for cement fell by 3.8% year-on-year to 41Mt in 2019. He blamed this on the completion of construction work for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games, the end of a period of rebuilding following natural disasters and a shortage of manpower.

All of this may explain why Taiheiyo Cement announced the acquisition of a 15% stake in state-owned Semen Indonesia subsidiary Solusi Bangun Indonesia in April 2020. At the time the producer said explicitly that the partnership with Semen Indonesia was part of Taiheiyo Cement’s response to a, “forecasted long-term decline in domestic cement demand in Japan.” Given the competiveness of the Indonesian market it seems like a brave move given the country’s overcapacity, the departure of LafargeHolcim and the arrival of China’s Anhui Conch. Meanwhile at home, Mitsubishi Materials and Ube Industries said in February 2020 that the companies were discussing a potential merger of their cement businesses. The letter of intent suggests a schedule of late September 2020 to sign a definitive agreement and a target of April 2022 to complete the integration. This follows the two companies working together since 1998 on a joint venture called Ube-Mitsubishi Cement, which integrated their cement sales and logistics operations. Mitsubishi Materials and Ube Industries are the third and fourth largest producers by production capacity in the country. A merger would potentially give the combined entity the same production base as the largest producer, Taiheiyo Cement.

Taiheiyo Cement’s experience in its 2020 financial year to 31 March 2020 was in line with Naoki Ono’s summary above, with both sales and profits down. Its domestic sales volumes decreased by 5% to 14.5Mt, although exports rose by 11% to 3.9Mt. In its financial report it highlighted its key foreign markets in the US, China, Vietnam and the Philippines. Despite increasing its sales in its 2020 financial year, Sumitomo Osaka Cement’s operating income and profits fell. It blamed this on energy costs, principally coal, and other raw material inputs. It has since published its next medium-term management plan. This includes a number of measures such as cutting costs and looking at overseas expansion. Both Mitsubishi Materials and Ube Industries reported similar reductions in their sales and profits. Mitsubishi Materials noted that it had observed a decrease in cement shipment due to the construction delay caused by the coronavirus.

Ratings company R&I is optimistic about the Japanese market following the start to 2020. In a recent news release it concluded that domestic cement demand is ‘solid’ for the next few years due to order backlog and anticipated infrastructure projects. In its assessment local producers have been improving their cost structures since 2010 in ways that should support ‘certain levels of profit’ provided domestic demand remains around 40Mt/yr. In the medium to longer term though it still expects domestic demand to decrease slowly. Hence, the overseas expansion, merger and acquisition activity and cost cutting plans of the larger producers. Long trends aside, the Japanese cement sector is coping well so far with the global health pandemic.


Australia: Boral has appointed Zlatko Todorcevski has been appointed its chief executive officer (CEO) and managing director with effect from 1 July 2020. Boral’s current CEO and managing director, Mike Kane, will retire in September 2020 allowing for a transition period.

Todorcevski has 30 years of experience in Australia and internationally in steel building products, oil and gas and logistics, working in finance, business planning and strategy roles, including as chief financial officer (CFO) of Brambles from 2012 to 2016 and Oil Search from 2009 to 2012. This followed a 23-year career at BHP in finance and business development roles across BHP’s steel building products and petroleum businesses, culminating in the role of CFO Energy at BHP based in the US.

Since March 2017, Todorcevski has been on the board of construction materials company, Adelaide Brighton, where he has served as chairman and since May 2019 as deputy chairman and Lead Independent Director. He has stepped down from the board of Adelaide Brighton with immediate effect. Todorcevski is also on the board of Coles Group, where he serves as chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee, and The Star Entertainment Group, where he is chair of the Audit Committee. He will leave these boards in an orderly manner over the coming months.

Born in Macedonia and raised in Australia, Todorcevski completed a Bachelor of Commerce from the University of Wollongong in 1991 and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Wollongong in 1994.


UK: Lafarge Cement, part of Aggregate Industries and LafargeHolcim, has appointed John Mulgrew as the new plant manager of its Cookstown integrated cement plant in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. He succeeds Russell Larmour who is to retire after 40 years within the company. Mulgrew will report to Barry Hope, Head of Cement on the Executive Committee at Aggregate Industries.

Mulgrew joined the LafargeHolcim Group as a quality co-ordinator in 2001, holding almost 20 years of experience in the cement industry. He became production manager at the Cookstown plant in 2016. The company says that the plant achieved its best results to date in 2019 after being ranked in the top 10 of LafargeHolcim’s European cement plants when evaluated against industrial benchmarks.

Jason Bowman will succeed Mulgrew as the new production manager at the plant. He has been promoted from his current role as manufacturing manager at Cookstown.


Norway: Norcem, a subsidiary of HeidelbergCement, has signed an agreement with Aker Solutions to order a CO2 capture, liquification and intermediate storage plant at its integrated Brevik cement plant. The final decision for the project depends on funding from the Norwegian government, which is expected to approve the unit in its national budget for 2021.

The project will use Aker Solutions’ Advanced Carbon Capture (ACC) technology and its S26 amine solvent. Once complete the unit will capture 0.4Mt/yr of CO2. This will be transported to the Northern Lights project for permanent storage offshore beneath the North Sea.


US: CalPortland has announced the launch of Advancement, a product line of cements containing sustainable materials and produced using renewable processes. These include the replacement of 15% of the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) clinker with blended limestone. The company currently offers Advancement Light for aesthetic design and Advancement High Sulphate for general use concrete applications and when high sulphate resistance is required, both of which have 10% lower embodied carbon than OPC. More products are planned to follow.

CalPortland president and chief executive officer (CEO) Allen Hamblen said, “Advancement is a line of products that can be combined with other concrete carbon reduction technologies to further enhance performance and increasingly reduce the embodied carbon of concrete.”


Philippines: LafargeHolcim subsidiary Holcim Philippines has said that digital innovations enabled it to continue serving its customer base throughout the coronavirus lockdown. The company said that utilisation of its customer service platform grew to 91% year-on-year in May 2020 from 56% in May 2019.

Through its information sharing platform E-Konekta, the company has hosted 40 events covering fields from Holcim Philippines’ corporate vision and health and safety to business networking. Holcim Philippines sales senior vice president William Sumalinog said, “Particularly in times of crisis, a customer’s interaction with a company can trigger an immediate and lingering effect on his or her sense of trust and loyalty. It is vital for us to keep our warm ties with customers so they continue to feel being part of the Holcim family.”


UK/Germany: The World Green Building Council has announced that HeidelbergCement is an official partner of its Europe Regional Network. HeidelbergCement joins 4500 other companies across Europe in supporting the regional network’s work towards networking leaders, raising awareness, proposing policy and providing assessment, certification and information.

HeidelbergCement chair Dominik von Achten said, “Together with the Europe Regional Network of the World Green Building Council, we now want to further intensify the promotion of sustainability and innovation in the construction sector. In this way, we are accelerating the development towards a carbon-neutral construction industry, and ultimately towards a carbon-neutral society in Europe.”


Germany: The Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) has awarded a placard to Opterra’s 2.3Mt/yr integrated Karsdorf plant, declaring that a multi-purpose facility at the plant in Saxony-Anhalt is a “martin-friendly house.” The company says that the building is the first industrial facility to receive the accreditation, after becoming the home to 60 breeding pairs of house martins. Opterra Karsdorf head of mining Axel Horn said, “For us, active environmental and biodiversity protection means protecting and respecting nature, even during limestone extraction. Animals and plants established here will find ideal living conditions.”


France: Fives’ sales across all business lines rose by 2.5% year-on-year to Euro2bn in 2019, mainly due to positive currency effects. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased by 28% to Euro120m from Euro94m due to “a strong increase in orders for equipment and small systems in almost all segments except cement.” However, the group reported a loss of Euro22.6m in 2019, up from 19.9m in 2018.

The equipment manufacturer noted two cement industry trends impacting upon its process technologies division. Firstly, European and American players “continue to streamline their portfolios and cut costs.” Secondly, in the rest of the world, “the market still pays little heed to environmental and energy issues,” meaning that decisions are made at prohibitively low price levels.


Nigeria: Dangote Cement has dispatched 27,800t of clinker to Senegal from its new Lagos cement terminal in Apapa Port, Lagos State. M2 Presswire News has reported that the terminal will now begin dispatches of 984,000t/yr of clinker to Cameroon. Dangote Cement aims to serve the whole of West Africa with 4Mt/yr of clinker exports from the terminal. Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) acting director general Chuma Oruche said, “The export of clinker by Dangote Cement will be beneficial to the Nigerian economy in terms of export earnings, job creation and wealth creation for families connected with these achievements.”


Panama: Grupo Argos subsidiary Cementos Argos has announced the “gradual reactivation” of its operations in Panama. The first stage of the post-coronavirus start of operations consists of “supply to prioritised public infrastructure works and sale to hardware stores,” begun on 9 June 2020. Presently the company is awaiting clearance from the Panamanian government to resume deliveries to “construction customers and other types of projects.”


Guatemala: Colombia-based Cementos Argos has announced that it is “exploring opportunities for importing cement into Guatemala.” Subsidiary Argos Guatemala will be responsible for the import and commercialisation of the cement, which will be produced by Cementos Argos in Panama.


UK: Cemex has joined the Aldersgate Group alliance of companies in calling on the UK government to support an economic recovery, “aligned with the UK’s climate and environmental goal.” In a policy briefing, the Aldersgate Group said that a low-carbon recovery plan should: address regional inequality and unemployment; strengthen the UK’s economic competitiveness and productivity through investment in the sectors and technologies of the future; deliver critical public goods including clean air, better health and improved resilience to future environmental shocks; build a more resilient financial system fit to withstand future climate shocks ;deliver the Global Britain agenda by strengthening the UK government’s influence ahead of the G7 and COP26 summits that it will be hosting in 2021; and enable UK businesses to be competitive providers of low carbon goods and services.

Cemex Europe director of public affairs Martin Casey said, “Our aim is to enable the development of climate-smart urban projects, sustainable buildings and climate-resilient infrastructures. Setting a clear policy direction for restarting the economy will enable to play its part in the recovery in a way that advances our climate and environmental goals.”


Botswana: PPC Botswana has taken up a slogan of the Botswana government in encouraging Botswanans to “Buy Botswana” in order to reduce their import bills and utilise local suppliers post-coronavirus lockdown. The Sunday Standard newspaper has reported that, after the economy shrank by 13% since the start of the coronavirus lockdown, PPC announced that it would “continue engaging with more stakeholders on the road to economic recovery.” Regarding the possibility of layoffs in the company, PPC Botswana managing director Tuelo Bolthole said, “The situation is still very fluid, therefore it is difficult to tell whether it will reach that point. We however believe that our workforce is an important asset.” The company is currently producing cement at 100% of its capacity in anticipation of pent-up demand.


India: JSW Cement has said that it will delay a planned US$382m expansion of its installed capacity of 14Mt/yr to 25Mt/yr in 2023 until at least January 2021. The Business Standard newspaper has reported that JSW Cement previously postponed work to raise its capacity to 20Mt/yr in 2020, and that the economic situation following the coronavirus lockdown is “not conducive to the construction agenda.” JSW Cement chief executive officer (CEO) Nilesh Narwekar said, “The plans are being deferred by 6 – 12 months but we are not sure that they will happen.” Financing for the work was due to be split 50:50 between internal accruals and bank loans.


India: In the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ending 31 March 2020 Dalmia Bharat sold 5.17Mt of cement worth US$326m, down by 13% year-on-year from US$374m in the same period of the previous fiscal year. Net profit for the quarter was US$3.16m. The company said that the figure was “not comparable to the previous year’s fourth quarter profit of US$34.6 due to a change in reporting standards, according to the Press Trust of India. Full year net profit fell by 32% to US$31.3m from US$45.9m and revenues grew by 2% to US$1.27bn from US$1.25bn.


India: The government of Tamil Nadu has responded to a labour shortage resulting from the coronavirus lockdown by training up local minors for construction jobs. The Hindu newspaper has reported that the regular workforce consists mainly of some of India’s 9m annual migrant workers who travel from rural areas to construction hubs such as Tamil Nadu’s state capital of Chennai.

The state-owned Tamil Nadu Cement Corporation (TANCEM) has said that it will increase cement production at its Arasu plant in Ariyalur to 3000t/day from 2000t/day in anticipation of construction growth in the second half of 2020.


Barbados: The Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) has ruled in favour of the Council for Trade and Economic Development (COTED) in its dispute with Trinidad and Tobago-based Rock Hard Cement. Stabroek News has reported that Rock Hard’s products had previously attracted a 5% import duty due to their classification as ‘other hydraulic cements.’ However, in mid-2019 COTED approved a decision by the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) to permit Barbados to enforce a tariff of 35% on this class of goods, compared to 15% on ’grey cement’ until mid-2021 in order to protect domestic producer Arawak Cement. The court found this reason to be, “within the rule of law.”


India: The state government of Telangana has instructed cement producers that the price of cement must fall to support the construction sector. Telangana Minister for IT, Industry, Municipal Administration and Urban Development Rama Rao said, “There is a need to extend a helping hand to the sector and the government is therefore seeking cooperation of the cement companies in bringing down the prices so that real estate picks up momentum.” The Hindu newspaper has reported that producers “responded positively to the request.” Each will decide internally on the measure of price reductions.

All Telangana producers will continue to supply cement to government projects at a pre-agreed rate.


Uzbekistan: Russia-based Eurocement subsidiary Akhangaran Cement said that it shipped 180,000t of cement in May 2020, up by 11% year-on-year from 163,000t in May 2019. Uzbekistan Newsline has reported that the increase resulted from a combination of production modernisation, business process efficiency improvement and personnel training and development.

Akhangaran Cement general director Gennady Kulikov said, “Despite the special mode of operation associated with the coronavirus pandemic, the enterprise team at all stages of the technological process is set to work efficiently. Together with the achievements of high production results, employees pay special attention to ensuring industrial safety, production culture and organisation of workplaces.” The Akhangaran Cement cement plant’s new 3.0Mt integrated line is due for completion in mid-late 2020. It will enable the company to serve 100% of demand in the Toshkent region and 30% of Uzbekistan’s total domestic demand of 17.3Mt/yr.


Russia: The government has launched a strategy to support that development of manufacturing industries that it says will increase cement production by 50% to 90Mt/yr from 60Mt in 2019. The strategy consists of investment in equipment and vehicles, reducing building materials imports to below 1% of consumption, reducing the cost of construction by 30% across all building types and increasing the energy efficiency of building materials by a heat loss factor of 30%.


Egypt: Misr Cement Qena’s first quarter sales were US$50.4m in 2020, up by 2.0% year-on-year from US$49.1m in the first quarter of 2019. Daily News Egypt has reported that the company’s debts on 31 March 2020 were US$30.0m, down by 20% from US$37.5 on 31 December 2019. Misr Cement Qena managing director Tarek Talaat said, “The extraordinary performance in the quarter will contribute to alleviating the repercussions of the coronavirus outbreak on the company’s 2020 results.” Talaat urged the “revitalisation of demand” to boost prices. Egyptian producers produced 78.0Mt of cement in 2019, 29.3Mt surplus to the domestic cement demand of 48.7Mt/yr.


South Korea: All nine domestic cement producers and the Ministry of Environment have agreed on measures to reduce NOx emissions. Asia Cement, Halla Cement, Hanil Cement Manufacturing, Hyundai Cement, Korea Cement, Sampyo Cement, Ssangyong Cement Industrial, SungShin Cement and Union Corporation have agreed to invest in upgrades to filters or new high-efficiency filters and process improvements, according to the Korea Times newspaper. There was also an agreement to set NOx emissions reduction targets for the allocation of funding. The Korea Environmental Industry Technology Institute is investing US$2.93m in research towards developing methods of selective catalytic NOx emissions reduction and selective non-catalytic NOx emissions reduction.

The government aims to reduce national NOx emissions by 20% to 155,000t/yr from 195,000t/yr through subsidies to emissions reduction technologies development and uptake. The cement sector presently emits 62,500t, 32% of the domestic total.


Puerto Rico: Cement companies produced 43,900t of cement in May 2020, up by 2.5% year-on-year from 42,800t in May 2019. M-Brain News has reported that sales rose by 2.1% to 52,800t from 51,700t.


US: Solidia Technologies has filed a patent for a new hydraulic cement consisting of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and other supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) including lime, alkali hydroxides, clay minerals and over 10% synthetic pozzolan.

Solidia Technologies said, “In order to reduce global CO2 emissions it is necessary to adopt new approaches to create a new generation of hydraulic cements. The most efficient cement kiln can produce OPC clinker with an associated emission of 816 kg of CO2/t. Blending the ground cement clinker with SCM, which have low or zero associated production CO2 emissions, reduces the total embodied CO2 of the final product. Using a cement with the lowest possible clinker factor for a given application is the most common industry approach to reducing the CO2 footprint of concrete.”


Kazakhstan: Steppe Cement recorded earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of US$23.9m in 2019, up by 12% year-on-year from US$21.4m in 2018. Sales volumes of cement remained stable at 1.7Mt with local sales increasing by 4% and exports decreasing by 29% due to increased competition and negative currency effects. Steppe Cement said that overall domestic demand was 8.9Mt, up by 2% from 8.7Mt in 2018. The company operated at 88% production capacity and production costs per tonne rose by 10% due to increases in fuel and transportation prices.


Finland: Lujabetoni says it has begun work on a new 80 - 100m3/hr ready-mix concrete plant in Kuopio, Northern Savonia to replace its existing plant in the town. The new unit, which will serve construction projects throughout the region, will have an improved raw materials heating system. The plant is scheduled for completion in late 2020 or early 2021.