Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW507 / 26 May 2021

Headlines


UK: Aggregate Industries has appointed Dragan Maksimovic as its chief executive officer (CEO). He succeeds Guy Edwards, who is leaving the company.

Maksimovic joins the subsidiary of LafargeHolcim from Sika, where he worked most recently as Country CEO in the UK. He holds an MBA from the University of Sheffield and a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering. He has also completed an International Leadership Program at IMD in Switzerland.


HeidelbergCement confirmed the rumours this week with the announcement that it was selling assets in the western US to Martin Marietta for US$2.3bn. The deal covers subsidiary Lehigh Hanson’s US West region cement, aggregates, ready-mixed concrete and asphalt businesses in California, Arizona, Oregon and Nevada. This includes two of its cement plants, with the exception of the 1.5Mt/yr Permanente cement plant in California, related distribution terminals, 17 active aggregates sites and several downstream operations. The companies expect to conclude the deal by 2022 but naturally it is subject to approval by competition bodies.

Well, this is a big one considering that one of the catalysts for the group’s divestment plan was the reduction of the value of its total assets by Euro3.4bn in July 2020 following a review. Depending on the exchange rate, the value of the divestment to Martin Marietta covers half to two thirds of that amount. Group chairman Dominik von Achten later told the media in February 2021 that the company was planning to sell the first of the five assets in early-to-mid 2021. However, cement isn’t the full story here since Lehigh Hanson operates three integrated plants in California and seven terminals. So, by elimination, the Tehachapi and Redding plants are the ones that are being sold along with some combinations of the terminals. Both of those plant have production capacities of around 0.8Mt/yr. Unless the terminals being sold have been valued highly, then the majority of the deal appears to encompass some or all of the 25-odd aggregate sites, 15 asphalt sites and 30 ready-mix concrete sites the company operates in the four states.

On the cement side it doesn’t seem unreasonable at face value for the authorities to allow Martin Marietta to take over most of Lehigh Hanson’s business in the region since it should broaden competition from a production angle. Instead of five companies in California with integrated plants, there will be six. For Martin Marietta, the deal also carries the feel of unfinished business in the region since it briefly held a cement business there for around a year in the mid-2010s. It acquired Texas Industries (TXI) in July 2014 and then sold the cement business in California to CalPortland in September 2015.

Both companies are pursuing different strategies. HeidelbergCement says it is hunkering down on its other four North American regions – the US Midwest, Northeast and South, plus Canada - through selected ‘bolt-on’ acquisitions and plant upgrades. Martin Marietta says it wants to take advantage of long term demand trends such as increased state infrastructure investment in California and Arizona and private-sector growth. It also reassured shareholders with its version of the acquisition/divestment story by saying it was going to generate value the same way it did previously with TXI. It’s a small thing but the acquisition also sees the US’ largest domestic cement producer increase its production base. The top five North American cement producers will remain controlled by companies headquartered in Europe but it is a step towards regionalism.

As for who’s right, in the short term, the west coast region looks good. The area included some of the best performing states in 2020 in terms of growth in cement consumption year-on-year in 2020 with the exception of Oregon. In its winter forecast the Portland Cement Association (PCA) attributed growth in the Mountain region of the US (including Nevada) to underlying economic fundamentals and favourable demographic trends, although it expected this to slow down in 2021. In the Pacific region it forecast consumption to grow modestly in 2021 due to residential construction. As if to underline the current situation, Cemex decided to recommission a kiln in Mexico in February 2021 to cope with cement shortages and project delays in California, Arizona and Nevada.

In the face of these figures HeidelbergCement’s decision to sell suggests either it dangled a juicy proposition with good short term prospects in front of the buyers or its long term projections are pointing elsewhere. Selling up, yet holding onto its largest cement plant in the region, also smacks of hedging its bets. No doubt it will be holding on to a few terminals too. On the other hand, it would be very interesting indeed to know what part, if any, HeidelbergCement’s internal carbon price played in its decision to divest in the western US. California has the country’s biggest carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS). If say, legislators suddenly decided to follow the price trend of the European Union’s ETS then things might look different.


South Africa: Pieter Fourie, the chief executive officer of Sephaku Cement, has died. He passed away on 19 May 2021 following suffering a stroke earlier in the month. He is survived by a wife, three children and five grandchildren.

Fourie became the head of the subsidiary of Nigeria-based Dangote Cement in 2007. He later became a board director of the company in 2009 after its stock market listing. His previous roles included being marketing director of Blue Circle, which was subsequently acquired by Lafarge South Africa, the managing director of the cement business unit of Lafarge South Arica and Strategic Development Director for Africa based at the Lafarge head office in France. Fourie’s role at Blue Circle included sales, distribution and marketing before being promoted to managing director of the cement business. He subsequently accepted the assignment at Lafarge’s head office in a strategic development role to integrate the newly acquired business in Africa into Lafarge’s portfolio.


Kenya: The Court of Appeal has dismissed the appointment of directors of Savannah Cement by a High Court Judge. Judge Farah Amin appointed an interim board in response to a legal battle over the ownership of the cement producer, according to the Business Daily newspaper. However, the Court of Appeal ruled that the judge’s actions overruled the power of the company’s shareholders.

The current legal proceedings were triggered when Kenyan-based investor Peter Ndeta acquired a majority stake in Savannah Cement in 2015 from Chinese investors and transferred the ownership to a Mauritian company called Seruji. Donald Mwaura and John Gachanga, who previously held a minority share in the company along with Ndeta, have disputed the process.


India: Nuvoco Vistas has appointed Abhijit Bhalerao as its chief information officer (CIO). He will be responsible for leading the technology initiatives at Nuvoco Group companies in business applications, enterprise architecture and infrastructure domains, according to the Economic Times of India newspaper.

Bhalerao was previously the Head of Group IT at Dr Abhay Firodia Group, including Force Motors, Jaya Hind Industries and several joint-ventures. He holds over 20 years of professional and technology consulting expertise using emerging technologies to deliver business-focused solutions. He has served as director at Ernst and Young and advised business chief executive officers on technology, infrastructure, IT architecture and organisation-wide analytics adoption. Other positions include working for HCL Technology, Essar, Raymond and Steelage Industries. He holds a master’s degree in Computer Software & Applications and a bachelor's degree in Engineering.


Greece: Heracles Cement recorded sales of Euro189m in 2020, consistent with 2019 levels. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 36% year-on-year to Euro35.5m from Euro26.1m. Lower cement prices domestically partly offset an increase in cement volumes, resulting in domestic cement sales growth of 7%. Cement exports fell by 16%. Positive currency exchange effects against the US dollar constrained the export drop.

The subsidiary of Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim said that it is firmly pursuing its strategy with new investments aimed at the on-going improvement of its environmental footprint and transition to innovative and sustainable building solutions, always respecting people, society and the environment.


UK: Hanson, part of Germany-based HeidelbergCement, has reduced its bagged cement allocations to customers. The Construction Index has reported that the decision is due to a national shortage of cement in the UK. The building materials producer introduced a packed cement allocation in May 2021. It calculated these by the proportion of orders that it believed could fulfil. Packed products director Andrew Simpson said, “Regrettably, we have been unable to maintain those levels.” He added that the company had had to perform unforeseen work on its cement operations following its 2021 shutdown.

Supply issues for packaging materials have also been reported. Bag suppliers informed Hanson to expect longer-term packaging shortages due to global demand for polymer and kraft paper, according to Simpson. He added that low pallet availability was also a concern.


India: The cement sector’s consumption of fly ash has reportedly collapsed since March 2020. The Financial Express newspaper has reported that the sector previously used over 25% of the ash from coal-fired power plants. The Association of Power Producers says that the suspension of cement production during coronavirus lockdown prevented the more of the country’s coal plants than usual from reaching the required 100% utilisation (for plants over three years old) in the 2021 financial year. In the 2020 financial year, 47 of 101 plants utilised 100% of their fly ash. Other uses beside cement production include brick and tile production, roadbuilding and land reclamation.


Spain: Cemex España, part of Mexico-based Cemex, has launched a new CEM-II grey cement with approximately 20% reduced-CO2 direct emissions as part of its Vertua low-carbon product range. The company says that the product provides early strength like a CEM-I cement. It says that this makes it highly suited to precast concrete and infrastructure applications. Cemex says that it will launch the product in other European markets in 2021.

Cemex is committed to 55% emissions reduction by 2030. It said that prior to this commitment it, “had already achieved a close to 35% emissions reduction by 2020.”


Armenia: The Armenian parliament has agreed to establish a customs duty of Euro22/t for cement and Euro3/t for clinker on imports from Iran and other countries. The government had initially hoped to imposed Euro39/t and Euro14/t on cement and clinker respectively but this was declined by the legislative body, according to the ArmInfo News Agency. Imported cement will also be recognised as licensed. The new bill will come into effect in July 2021.

A previous customs duty of Euro22/t imports of Iranian cement was set up in mid-2019. However, Iranian cement imports were then banned at the start of 2021. Production by local producers grew in 2020 and imports fell.


India: Grasim Industries’ full-year consolidated net sales rose by 2% year-on-year to US$10.5bn in its 2021 financial year from US$10.3bn in the 2020 financial year. The profit attributable to owners of the company was US$591m, down by 3% from US$606m. Cement sales rose by 5% to US$6.15bn from US$5.83bn.


India: Ramco Cements reported consolidated net sales of US$731m in its 2021 financial year, down by 2% year-on-year from US$745m in its 2020 financial year. Cement sales volumes fell by 11% to 9.98Mt from 11.2Mt. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 34% to US$218m from US$162m. The company said that cement markets had shrunk in the south due the coronavirus pandemic but they grew in the east. It added that it was complying with state government mandated public health lockdowns, which were introduced in May 2021, on a regional basis.


India: The India Cements recorded full-year consolidated net sales of US$619m in the 2021 financial year, down by 13% year-on-year from US$712m. Cement sales volumes fell by 19% to 8.9Mt from 11Mt, which it blamed on production overcapacity in the south of the country. Its profit after taxes, minority interests and share of profit of associates was US$28.6m, more than triple the figure for the 2020 financial year of US$7.34m. The cement producer warned that, despite an economic recovery following the first wave of coronavirus, it expected an uncertain outlook with the current second wave of the epidemic.


China: China National Building Material has amended the funding arrangements for an upcoming joint venture of its subsidiaries China United Cement and Henan Investment Group. Reuters has reported that China United Cement will now contribute US$937m to the joint venture’s registered capital, while Henan Investment Group will contribute US$622m.


Australia: Adbri says it wants to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050 as part of its commitment to a low carbon future. The board and management team are assessing medium and long term emissions reduction options and are intend to release a roadmap by the 2022 annual general meeting. Adbri set its current emissions reduction target in 2019, to deliver a 7% reduction in its greenhouse gas emissions by 2024 against 2019 baselines. In 2020 it achieved 2.3% reduction.

“We recognise that process emissions from the production of cement and lime are not easy to abate. Adbri is committed to maintaining its sector leadership position in sustainability by continuing to increase its use of renewable energy, alternative fuels and supplementary cementitious materials. Developments in technology and partnership with industry, government and research institutions will be critical as we deepen our understanding of long term emission reduction options. This will form part of our roadmap toward net zero by 2050,” said Adbri’s chief executive officer Nick Miller.


US: HeidelbergCement subsidiary Lehigh Hanson has agreed to sell its assets in its US West region to Martin Marietta for US$2.3bn. The transaction includes the sale of its business activities in cement, aggregates, ready-mixed concrete and asphalt in California, Arizona, Oregon and Nevada, with the exception of the Permanente cement plant and quarry. The sale includes two cement plants with related distribution terminals, 17 active aggregates sites and several downstream operations. The companies expect to conclude the deal by 2022 subject to regulatory approval.

“The sale of our US West region activities is a major step in our portfolio optimisation as part of our ‘Beyond 2020’ strategy,” said Dominik von Achten, chairman of the managing board of HeidelbergCement. “We are simplifying our portfolio in North America and prioritising on the strongest market positions.” Chris Ward, president and chief executive officer of Lehigh Hanson added, “We will accelerate the build-out of our positions in the four key regions Canada, Midwest, Northeast and South through selected bolt-on acquisitions and capacity expansion projects in the future.”


India: Shree Cement’s full-year consolidated net sales rose by 5% year-on-year to US$1.85bn in the 2021 financial year from US$1.77bn in the 2020 financial year. Its profit for the period increased by 48% to US$314m from US$212m.


Nepal: A report by the Nepal Rastra Bank has estimated that Nepal will require 26Mt/yr of cement by the 2024 – 25 financial year due to large-scale infrastructure projects. However, current production before the coronavirus pandemic was around 7.5Mt/yr despite the country’s production capacity of 15Mt/yr, according to the Kathmandu Post newspaper. Domestic consumption is 9Mt with around 1.5Mt of demand supplied from imports, mainly from India. The report added that most of the large projects in Nepal used cement imported from India due to issues with certification, consistent quality and the inability of local producers to offer bulk supply. In 2019 the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Supplies forecast that the country’s cement production capacity could increase to 20Mt/yr by the end of the 2023 – 24 year.

Dhruba Raj Thapa, president of the Cement Manufacturers Association of Nepal, said that the data in the report by the bank contained errors. He pointed out that the country has a cement production capacity of 22Mt/yr and that it is already self-sufficient in the commodity. He also refuted the claims that infrastructure projects prefer imported cement.


Bangladesh: Cement producers are warning of price rises due to a ‘significant’ rise in international freight rates. The Bangladesh Cement Manufacturers Association (BCMA) has expressed concern about the situation, according to the New Nation newspaper. Freight rates to transport clinker from Indonesia, Vietnam or the Middle-East have increased by up to 30% in the last few months. The BCMA has called on the government to cut import duties to keep consumer prices low.


India: Power company OPGC has dispatched its first shipment of fly ash to ACC’s Jhinkpani cement plant in West Singhbhum district, Jharkhand. The Pioneer newspaper has reported that the shipment consists of 3450t of fly ash from its Ib power plant. The power plant has fly ash storage facilities with a capacity of 6900t. It previously supplied ash to a Star Cement cement plant in Assam.


US: The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has filed an administrative complaint and authorised a legal suit against Lehigh Cement’s acquisition of Keystone Cement. The HeidelbergCement subsidiary acquired the subsidiary of Mexico-based Elementia in September 2019. The commission said that the acquisition may be harmful to competition in the grey cement market in Pennsylvania and New Jersey as it reduces the number of competitors to three from four and enlarges the largest. It added that Keystone Cement’s aggressive pricing had previously caused Lehigh Cement to lower its prices.

The case will go to trial at administrative court in November 2021.


Iran: Hossein Modares Khyabani, the former head of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, has called for cement to be traded on the Mercantile Exchange, a commodities exchange based in Tehran. He hoped that the move would enable cement producers to upgrade plants and increase exports, according to the Islamic Republic News Agency. The aim is to have producers generate mhigher profits and build infrastructure development.

Local cement production grew by 13% year-on-year to 68Mt in the Iranian calendar year to March 2021. However, gas, electricity and transportation costs all grew significantly during the period.


Taiwan: Asia Cement Corporation has completed its US$1.3m full shore power project for its cement vessels. Following the upgrade its cement carriers use the ‘Taipower’ power supply when berthed at port instead of using on-board generators. The project has been implemented at the ports of Kaohsiung, Taichung, Keelung and Hualien. The cement producer currently operates four cement carriers.

The shipping upgrade is expected to save over 1474t/yr of fuel oil and effectively reduce 5329t/yr of CO2 emissions. The cement producer added that it would improve the unloading efficiency of cement carriers, decreasing the unloading time by 50%, and reduce wear on the ship generators.


France: Saint-Gobain has agreed to buy Chryso for an undisclosed sum. It said that the construction chemicals producer had an enterprise value of Euro1.02bn, based on its recent earnings and anticipated synergies. Saint-Gobain intends to finance the acquisition from the proceeds of other divestments made by the group. Key benefits it expects from the purchase include a strengthened position in the construction chemicals market, market growth in the sector, further strategic movements towards sustainability goals through the use of additives, anticipated ease of integration and value for shareholders.

“The acquisition of Chryso is a unique growth platform opportunity for Saint-Gobain to further develop our already strong presence in the growing construction chemicals market. It is fully in line with our environment, social and governance strategy of providing a sustainable and performance driven value proposition to our customers,” commented Pierre-André de Chalendar, chairman and chief executive officer of Saint-Gobain, and Benoit Bazin, chief operating officer.

Subject to consultation and approval with employee representative bodies and competition authorities the acquisition is expected to be finalised in the second half of 2021.


Germany: HeidelbergCement has completed a comprehensive Concrete Sustainability Council (CSC) certification campaign at its 10 cement plants, 12 concrete plants and five aggregates sites underwent the certification process. One cement plant– the Lengfurt, Bavaria, plant - and two concrete plants achieved Platinum certification. The Lengfurt cement plant is the first German cement plant to do so.

Senior manager sustainable construction and public affairs Christian Artelt said “CSC certification allows production sites to gain a holistic understanding of their sustainability performance.” He added “Our successful engagement in CSC certification highlights our commitment to sustainability.”


Mexico: Cemex says that it has supplied its low-CO2 Vertua concrete to 786 construction works in Mexico. The El Sol de San Luis newspaper has reported that the volume so far delivered totals 33,000m3. In late May 2021, 398 further projects have placed orders for future deliveries.


Italy: Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim has announced its participation in a partnership to build the world’s first 3D-printed concrete bridge in Venice, Venice province. The company will supply cement for the project. The bridge will feature in the European Cultural Centre (ECC)’s Time Space Existence exhibition at the Venice Architecture Biennale 2021 from May 2021 to November 2021. Other partners for the project are ETH Zürich’s Block Research Group (BRG) and UK-based Zaha Hadid Architects’ Computation and Design Group.


Argentina: Holcim Argentina, part of Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim, has inaugurated a new 0.5Mt/yr clinker production line at its Malagueño cement plant in Cordoba. The new line increases the plant’s clinker production capacity by 45%. Additionally, a new 630,000t/yr grinding plant will increase the plant’s cement capacity to 4.7Mt/yr.

Chief executive officer Christian Dedeu said, "With this expansion of our capacity, more than 450km of road and more than 7.2Mm2 of housing can be built - equivalent to more than 72,000 houses." He added, "The new line is a big bet on the domestic market and responds to the growing national demand for materials for residential construction, private investment and infrastructure works."


US: Eagle Materials recorded consolidated net sales of US$1.62bn in its 2021 financial year, up by 16% year-on-year from US$1.40bn. Its net earnings quadrupled to US$339m from US$70.9m. Cement sales volumes increased by 26% to 7.47Mt from 5.93Mt and cement sales increased by 27% to US$924m from US$730m.

President and chief executive officer Michael Haack said, “Across all measures, fiscal 2021 was extraordinary for Eagle as we met and overcame challenges that were inconceivable just a year earlier. The resilience of our business model, our financial discipline and our team’s operational and strategic execution allowed us to deliver record financial results, integrate the largest acquisition in the company’s history and further streamline our business portfolio by divesting several non-core businesses, all while achieving industry leading safety performance. Our strong operating cash flow enabled us to reduce leverage to under 1.5 times net debt-to-earnings before interest taxation depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA), providing us with significant liquidity and increased financial flexibility.” He continued “As we begin our new fiscal year, Eagle is well-positioned, both geographically and financially, with ample raw material reserves to capitalise on the underlying demand fundamentals that are expected to support steady and sustainable construction activity growth over the near and long-term. We remain confident in Eagle’s prospects for continued growth and sustainable value creation for all shareholders.”


India: Prism Johnson’s full-year consolidated net sales fell by 7% year-on-year to US$752m in the 2021 financial year from US$806m in the 2020 financial year. The group’s profit before tax increased more than doubled to US$21.4m from US$8.5m. Cement sales revenue grew slightly to US$354m.


Portugal: Denmark-based FLSmidth has won a contract to supply a chlorine bypass system to Cimpor’s Souselas cement plant. The aim is to eliminate chlorine build-up in the plant’s flue gas after the company increases its refuse-derived fuel (RDF) usage rate to 60%. Work is scheduled to begin in mid-2021, and production will stop until its completion and the commissioning of the installation in early 2022. No value for the order has been disclosed.

Cimpor Cement project manager Paulo Evangelista said, “Investing in the chlorine bypass is a key step on our journey towards reducing our environmental footprint. On top of the obvious incentives to increase our fuel substitution, like lower CO2 emissions and financial savings, we are experiencing better waste handling infrastructure in the local area. All this has made it an easy choice to make. FLSmidth knows our Souselas site and has been key in delivering a solution that will enable this next phase on our sustainability journey.”


Philippines: CRH and Aboitiz Equity Ventures subsidiary Republic Cement and Building Materials plans to roll out a quality control system to detect product quality across all of its cement plants by 2022. Business World News has reported that the company currently uses data science-based techniques at three sites. It says that it uses the method to predict the 28-day compressive strength without moulding and curing of a batch of cement.

Manufacturing vice president Lloyd Vicente said that with accurate predictions, “our operations can make it quick and precise adjustments to our recipe and other operating parameters, therefore reducing our CO2 emissions.”