Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW553 / 20 April 2022

Headlines


This week’s big story has been that Holcim may be considering selling its business in India. Both the Economic Times newspaper and Bloomberg separately reported that the owner of Ambuja Cement and ACC has been holding early talks with local producers. The discussions have been described as exploratory and an eventual divestment is far from certain. The combined market value of both companies was placed at US$15bn, at the time that the story broke, making it one of the largest potential acquisitions in India. Holcim has refused to comment on the matter.

If it actually happened then the scale of this potential sale would be breathtaking. Holcim has been gradually slimming down since the merger between Lafarge and Holcim in 2015. The big divestments mostly came after the appointment of former Sika boss Jan Jenisch in 2017. Four integrated plants and other assets were sold in Indonesia for US$1.75bn in 2019, a 51% stake in three integrated plants and two grinding plants were sold in Malaysia for US$396m (also in 2019) and five integrated plants were approved for sale in Brazil for US$1.03bn in April 2022.

A complete divestment of Ambuja Cement and ACC in India would see 17 integrated plants and 14 grinding plants being sold with a production capacity of around 66Mt/yr. If any company did buy the lot in one go, at a stroke it would become the second-largest cement producer in the world’s second-largest second market. The nearest acquisition in the last decade that comes close to this was when CRH purchased 24 cement plants with a production capacity of 36Mt/yr from Lafarge and Holcim in 2015 for US$6.5bn.

2022 would certainly be a good time to sell up with both Ambuja Cement and ACC having reported strong sales and earnings figures in 2021 following the coronavirus-related lockdowns in 2020. Performance is even better compared to 2019. Ambuja Cement’s net sales and earnings before taxation, interest, depreciation and amortisation (EBTIDA) grew by 23% year-on-year to US$1.81bn and by 21% to US$420m respectively in 2021. ACC’s sales and operating EBITDA grew by 17% to US$2.07bn and 28% to US$393m respectively in 2021. However, ACC’s net sales growth was much lower compared to that in 2019. Ambuja Cement produced 25.9Mt of cement in 2021 with a production capacity of 31.5Mt giving it a utilisation rate of 82%. ACC produced 26.9Mt of cement in 2021 with a production of 34.5Mt/yr giving it a utilisation rate of 78%. Both of these rates are higher than the national cement sector rates forecast by analysts of up to 64% in the 2022 financial year. The corporate specifics of any sale are that Holcim owns a majority stake in Ambuja Cement, which in turn owns a majority stake in ACC. In other words: buy one, get the other.

One wider question here is whether there are still any companies and investors out there prepared to put money on this scale into a carbon-intensive industry with net-zero deadlines on the way. Ahead of the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) in November 2021, India’s prime minister Narendra Modi pledged that his country would cut its emissions to net-zero by 2070. There’s plenty of time left to turn a profit, as cement kilns last about 50 years, but the risk of investing in a stranded asset is growing if the targets are honoured or even brought forward. As a recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report put it, “Cement and concrete are currently overused because they are inexpensive, durable, and ubiquitous, and consumption decisions typically do not give weight to their production emissions.” All of this suggests that buyers might well be more interested in purchasing parts of Holcim’s Indian operations rather than the whole bundle or breaking operations up further down the line. And that’s even before any competition concerns related to any local buyers are considered. Holcim, for its part, has shown with recent divestments, such as its business in Northern Ireland, that it isn’t necessarily against smaller piecemeal divestments. Negotiations, if they are indeed happening, will be closely guarded.


Australia: Tino La Spina has resigned as the Chief Finance & Strategy Officer of Boral. The board of the company intends to provide notice of termination on 1 July 2022. La Spina, who was previously the chief executive officer (CEO) of airline Qantas International took the role at Boral in late 2020. Jared Gashel will immediately assume the role of Acting Chief Financial Officer until a permanent appointment is made. Gashel is currently working as Executive General Manager, Group Finance and Property.

In a statement, Boral’s chief executive officer Ryan Stokes said, “In a tough external operating environment, we have decided to accelerate transformational change.” Stokes became CEO of Boral in mid-2021 when his family’s company Seven Group became a majority shareholder.


UAE: UltraTech Cement subsidiary UltraTech Cement Middle East Investments has newly acquired 29% of the equity share capital of RAK White Cement. The acquisition brings its total stake in the producer to 30%.


Ireland: CRH’s first-quarter consolidated sales rose by 15% year-on-year in 2022. Its Americas Materials business’ sales rose by 13%, while its Europe Materials business sales rose by 11%. Cement volumes in the Americas region remained in line with 2021 levels as strong Central and Southern regional demand offset weather-impacted performances in Canada and some Western regions, and the company noted ‘good’ price momentum in Canada and the US. The company’s Europe Materials business recorded some volume increases, partly due to favourable weather conditions.

During the quarter, CRH made US$600m-worth of new acquisitions, and retains a ‘strong’ opportunities pipeline. The group says that its integrated solutions strategy continues to deliver across all divisions.

Chief executive officer Albert Manifold said “Although a number of challenges and uncertainties continue, our demand backdrop remains favourable and, absent any major dislocations in the macroeconomic environment, we expect first-half sales, earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) and margin to be ahead of the prior year period.” During the first half of 2022, the company also expects to complete US$600m-worth of its on-going share buyback programme.


India: ACC’s earnings before taxation, interest, depreciation and amortisation (EBTIDA) fell by 26% year-on-year to US$83.1m in the first quarter of 2022 from US$113m in the same period in 2021. Net sales rose by 3% to US$566m from US$552m. Sales volumes of cement dropped by 3% to 7.71Mt but volumes of ready-mixed concrete grew by 5% to 0.87Mm3. The subsidiary of Ambuja Cement and Holcim said that its costs had been negatively affected by a global rise in fuel costs caused by ‘geopolitical events.’

The cement producer said that its new integrated plant at Ametha in Madhya Pradesh is scheduled to be commissioned in the fourth quarter of 2022. It commissioned an upgrade to its Tikaria grinding plant in Uttar Pradesh in February 2022. Waste heat recovery unit projects at its Jamul and Kymore plants are ‘on track’ and the board of ACC has approved the next phase of similar projects at its Chanda and Wadi plants.


Tanzania: Twiga Cement’s sales were US$194m in 2021, up by 14% year-on-year from US$170m in 2020. The subsidiary of HeidelbergCement recorded a profit for the year of US$38.1m, up by 18% from US$32.2m. During the year, the company recorded its highest ever cement and clinker production and sales volumes.


US: Holcim US has successfully transitioned its 0.5Mt/yr Joppa, Illinois, cement plant to 100% Portland limestone cement (PLC) production. The plant will produce the company’s OneCem brand PLC. The producer says that the facility supplies cement to customers along the Mississippi from Minneapolis to the Gulf of Mexico and up the Ohio as far as Pittsburgh.

Plant manager Michel Klenk said “As a leader in our industry, it’s our responsibility to build a path for others to follow by setting the bar for product innovation and improvement. OneCem fits the bill as a low-carbon product that allows for sustained performance with lower emissions.”


Tajikistan: The government plans to increase exports of cement to 2Mt/yr by 2024. Exports are expected to grow at 0.2Mt/yr from 1.5Mt in 2021. Local production capacity was estimated at 5.6Mt/yr in 2021 from 16 plants. Over 4.2Mt of cement was produced in 2021.


Switzerland: Jura Cement has commissioned a regenerative thermal oxidation system at its Wildegg plant. The air pollution control system, supplied by Dürr, was installed to meet anticipated lower gas emission limits for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and ammonia (NH3).


China: Tangshan Jidong Cement’s consolidated net income was US$779m in the first quarter of 2022, down by 2.5% year-on-year from US$799m in the first quarter of 2021. The decline contributed to a widening in the group’s net loss to US$36.6m, more than four times its 2021 first-quarter loss of US$8.07m.


India: Kanodia Cement has commissioned its new Amethi cement plant in Uttar Pradesh. The plant consists of four grinding units spread over an area of 18ha. Indo-Asian News Service has reported that the facility’s equipment includes two 12-spout rotary packers and six floor-mounted truck loading machines, supplied by Denmark-based FLSmidth. Kanodia Cement says that the new plant marks progress in line with its sustainable development plant. Its operations will directly and indirectly employ 1000 people.


France: CRH subsidiary Eqiom has successfully commissioned its Gennevilliers construction waste recycling pilot plant. Prior to the plant’s opening, Eqiom recycled 10,000t of construction waste in the first quarter of 2022. It is now aiming to recycle 50,000t in 2022.

The company says that its continual efforts are making the circular economy possible in the construction sector.


UK: UK construction recorded its highest ever quarterly total value at Euro27.5bn in the first quarter of 2022. Participants in the industry agreed Euro10.4bn-worth of construction contracts in March 2022. Analyst Barbour ABI has reported that residential construction contracts rose by 50% month-on-month to Euro4.22bn, their highest level since the Covid-19 outbreak arrived in the UK in March 2020. Chief economist Tom Hall noted a year-on-year and month-on-month increase in office construction activity as indicative of a reversal of the home-working trend of the past two years.

Hall said “While the current state of the industry is positive with lots of activity and record-breaking levels of contracts awards and planning approvals in some areas, the horizon is more concerning. Overall, the level of planning applications received in March was low and raises questions about the delivery of the government’s commitment to raise the standard of healthcare across the country and its flagship levelling up agenda.”


India: Switzerland-based Holcim is reportedly in the early stages of selling its subsidiaries Ambuja Cement and ACC. The company has held discussions with JSW, Adani Group and others, according to sources who have spoken to the Economic Times newspaper. Multinational building material producers have also been approached. Holcim has not commented on what it described as ‘rumours.’ Ambuja Cement and ACC have a combined cement production capacity of 66Mt/yr


Indonesia: Donny Arsal, the chief executive officer of Semen Indonesia, has told the government that the ongoing war in Ukraine has negatively affected supplies of coal and kraft paper to the cement industry.

The head of the state-owned company said that the international price of coal had driven local mines to export it rather than sell it locally at capped prices, according to the Jakarta Post newspaper. This had made it more difficult for cement producers to buy coal at the lower price. The Indonesian coal index (HBA) price rose to high of US$288/t in April 2022 following the introduction of international economic sanctions but the local domestic market obligation (DMO) price is US$70/t. Around 160Mt of coal is sold at the capped price. The majority of this goes to power generation and the remaining quarter of this is made available to cement and other industries.

Arsal lobbied the government to clarify its supply policy for DMO. He said that the cement sector needs 16Mt/yr of coal. Semen Indonesia needs about half of this. However, at present, it is only receiving about 63% of its coal requirements at the DMO price.

Arsal also mentioned that imports of kraft paper from Russia had stopped since the war started. Semen Indonesia uses the paper to make cement bags. Most of its kraft is sourced from Russia. The company spends around US$68m/yr on paper. It is now switching to using a woven material instead.


US: CalPortland has converted production at the 1.3Mt/yr Mojave cement plant in California to its Advancement HS, a Portland limestone cement (PLC) product. The plant will reduce its CO2 emissions by 10% on a per ton basis. The company said the move supported the Portland Cement Association’s Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality and the industry’s overall efforts to address climate change.


US: A fire has been contained within the alternative fuels system at Holcim US’ integrated Whitehall cement plant in Pennsylvania. Suppression systems were activated and then fire fighters attended the scene, according to the Express-Times newspaper. The plant has notified the US Mine Safety and Health Administration about the incident. No injuries have been reported and an investigation is ongoing. A fact sheet about the plant says that it uses 2m tires/yr as part of its alternative fuels mix. It uses coal and petcoke for 50% of its mix.


Argentina: Data from the Asociación de Fabricantes de Cemento Portland (AFCP) shows that cement shipments grew by 7% year-on-year to 2.89Mt in the first quarter of 2022 from 2.71Mt in the same period in 2021. Local consumption of cement increased at a similar rate but exports rose by 18% to 31,040t from 26,276t.


Egypt: Mondi has acquired the paper bag converting lines from National Bag and Egypt Sack, two subsidiaries of Lafarge Cement Egypt, for an undisclosed sum. The production lines will increase Mondi’s capacity by around 150 – 180m bags/yr and strengthen its position in the Egyptian paper bag market. Local subsidiary Mondi Paper Bags already operates two plants in Egypt and with this acquisition will become a key supplier of paper bags to Lafarge Cement Egypt.

Claudio Fedalto, the chief operating officer of Mondi Paper Bags, said “We are excited to have signed a long-term supply agreement with Lafarge Cement Egypt and to servicing them locally in Egypt. The collaboration will offer Lafarge access to our latest innovations, industry expertise, strong plant network and customer service.”