Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW646 / 14 February 2024

Headlines


A few news stories from Chile give us the opportunity to take at look at the local cement market this week. Firstly, Freehill Mining was keen to promote a new order it has obtained from Cementos Melón. The Australia-based company operates magnetite mineral concessions at Yerbas Buenas, about 500km north of Santiago. The US$180,000 deal starts in March 2024 but the raw material supplier says it is currently negotiating a longer-term supply contract with Melón for larger volumes in the future.

A large order for raw materials is not unusual, although the public nature of the Freehill Mining one suggests that the mining company is promoting itself. The story also highlights the importance of the mining sector in Chile. However, a wider view of the Chilean cement sector could be glimpsed recently from the latest cement despatch data from La Cámara Chilena de la Construcción (CCHC). Despatches fell by 11% year-on-year to 5.2Mt in 2023 from 5.9Mt in 2022. As can be seen in Graph 1, despatches recovered in 2021 following the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic but they have declined since then.

Graph 1: Cement despatches in Chile, 2018 – 2023. Source: La Cámara Chilena de la Construcción.

Graph 1: Cement despatches in Chile, 2018 – 2023. Source: La Cámara Chilena de la Construcción.

Two of the three larger cement producers have reacted to these market conditions in the last couple of years by cutting costs. Cementos Melón started a restructuring process in late 2022 whereupon it closed down a concrete plant at Penalolen near Santiago and embarked on a spending review. Its income fell by 4% year-on-year to US$182m in the first nine months of 2023, from US$189m in the same period in 2022. Cemento Polpaico followed suit in November 2023 by closing two concrete plants in the Santiago Metropolitan Region and temporarily suspending operations at its Quilicura cement grinding plant with work shifted to the integrated Cerro Blanco plant instead. In June 2023 it reported that its income had risen slightly year-on-year for the first half of 2023, but it noted a loss compared to a profit previously. Cbb (formerly Cementos Bío Bío) managed to avoid the fate of its peers mainly through the performance of its lime division. Its cement and concrete shipments fell by 9% and 15% year-on-year to 775,000t and 750,000m3 respectively in the first nine months of 2023. It blamed the falling sales volumes on a decline in economic activity that dragged upon investment in infrastructure and housing. However, lime shipments grew by 2% following tough trading conditions in 2022 due to high fuel costs, amongst other reasons. Altogether this meant that the company’s earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 54% to US$44.3m from US$28.8m.

Finally, a third news story this week illustrated one reaction to the poor construction market in Chile, when Unacem Chile announced that it was buying two concrete plants, at San Antonio and Talca. Once the US$1m deal completes, the subsidiary of Peru-based Unión Andina de Cementos (UNACEM) will hold 12 concrete plants in the country. This follows its entry into the market in 2018 when it acquired Hormigones Independencia from Cementos Polpaico. In December 2023 Grupo Gloria subsidiary Cal y Cementos Sur (Calcesur) said that it was preparing to strengthen its presence supplying lime to the mining sector both at home in Peru and in neighbouring countries including Chile. While this isn’t a cement story, Grupo Gloria does operate the integrated Yura plant near Arequipa in southern Peru and this resonates with both the mining and lime sectors.

Chile’s cement market is suffering as the general construction market contracts. Yet as the stories from Freehill Mining and Calcesur show, the mining sector remains a key part of the national economy and this links to the cement industry. Another related story, for example, is a US$39m deal that Denmark-based FLSmidth signed in mid-2023 to supply equipment for a copper mine. Chile’s northern neighbour Peru has a cement sector that is nearly twice as large based on production capacity and some of its producers look internationally for expansion opportunities, as in the example of Unacem Chile. The CHHC didn’t hold back in mid-January 2024 when it said that it forecast that 2024 would be the worst year for investment and construction spending since the late 2010s. Yet it also expects the decline in the construction sector to slow as gains from government infrastructure spending continue to almost counteract falls in the private sector. Until the situation improves, it continues to lobby for economic reforms.

For more information on cement markets in South America read the feature in the February 2024 issue of Global Cement Magazine


India: Vinita Singhania has been appointed as the chair of JK Lakshmi Cement. She will succeed Bharat Hari Singhania when he resigns from the post in April 2024. Bharat Hari Singhania has been appointed as the company’s chair emeritus and strategic advisor.

Vinita Singhania has been on the board of directors of JK Lakshmi Cement since 1989 and became its managing director in 2021. She became the first female president of the Cement Manufacturers Association (CMA) and also led the National Council for Cement and Building Materials (NCBM). She is also a board member for JK Paper, Bengal & Assam Company, Udaipur Cement Works, HEG and other companies.

Bharat Hari Singhania holds over 65 years experience in the cement, automotive tyres, paper and synthetics sectors. He became the managing director of JK Lakshmi Cement in 1994 and then its chair in 2013. He stepped down as the company’s managing director in 2021. He is also a former president of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and chair of Indian Jute Mills Association and Indian Jute Industries Research Association, Kolkata.


France: Vicat recorded consolidated sales of Euro3.94bn in 2023, up by 8% year-on-year from Euro3.64bn in 2022. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) were Euro740m, up by 30% from Euro570m. The producer's energy costs declined by 10% to Euro596m. Vicat noted ‘strong’ growth in sales across all regions except Kazakhstan and India, and in earnings in the US. Its cement volumes rose by 6.3% overall, but contracted in Egypt, France, Senegal and Switzerland.


France: CRH subsidiary Eqiom has commenced the first phase of its K6 decarbonisation project at its Lumbres cement plant in Hauts-de-France. In this phase, the producer will build a new production line that uses alternative fuels. This will reduce the plant’s specific CO2 emissions per tonne of clinker by 20%. Eqiom says that this will pave the way for future carbon capture efforts at the plant, with a view to achieving net zero CO2 clinker production.


Mexico: Holcim México will invest US$55m in the construction of a new cement mill at its Macuspana plant in Tabasco state. The producer says that the mill will increase the plant's cement capacity by 50% to 1.5Mt/yr. This will lead to an increase in the plant’s total workforce to 300 people.

General director Jaime Hill said "This investment in Tabasco reflects our firm conviction in the potential of the Mexican southeast and our commitment to the sustainable development of the region. Through this expansion, we will not only increase our capacity to supply the states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo, but also reinforce our role in the decarbonisation of the construction industry, offering low-emission products like our cements from the ECOPlanet range."


India: JK Lakshmi Cement has acquired an 85% stake in Agrani Cement. The value of the deal is US$39.2m. Agrani Cement was established in Kolkata, West Bengal in 2022.


India: Protestors from Bilaspur District have opposed the transfer of water from the Ali Khad stream to Ambuja Cements’ Darlaghat cement plant in neighbouring Solan District. A group of local farmers and village officials have successfully suspended water transfer to the plant from the stream at Trivenighat. The Times of India newspaper has reported that the Darlaghat plant will draw an estimated 1Ml/day of water from the Ali Khad stream. Protestors say that this would be enough to dry the stream, turning the area in Himachal Pradesh into a ‘desert.’ The Ali Khad stream currently waters 24 wells and seven irrigation networks, upon which 50,000 people depend.


Colombia: Cementos Argos has partnered with Ecopetrol, EAFIT and the University of Antioquia to develop a method of carbon capture using microalgae that also produces useable biomass. The partners will process this biomass into biocrude, with similar properties to fuel oil.

Cementos Argos’ project leader Gabriel Vargas said, “In microalgae we found a potential alternative, but this involved developing a technology for microorganisms to eat CO2 and grow from there. Then, looking for what we could use that biological material for, we saw an opportunity in biofuels. That's when, with the help of the PQI research group at the University of Antioquia, which had already been carrying out studies on the hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass, we began to refine that process.”


Mali: Morocco-based Ciments de l'Afrique (CIMAF) has held a ceremony marking the laying of the first stone of a new 1Mt/yr cement plant it is building at Natien in Sikasso region. The project has a budget of around US$50m and is intended to be expandable to 2Mt/yr should the market need arise, according to La Nouvelle Tribune newspaper. Cement produced at the plant will be sold domestically and exported. Commissioning is scheduled for early 2026. Moussa Alassane Diallo, Minister of Industry and Commerce, attended the event in addition to members of the National Transition Council, the governor of Sikasso region and, Malick Sefrioui, the Vice President of CIMAF.


Italy: Cementir's full-year 2023 results show sales of Euro1.69bn, down by 1.7% year-on-year from full-year 2022 levels. Nonetheless, the company’s earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 23% to Euro411m. The company more than doubled its net cash position to Euro218m. Under its Plan 2024 – 2026, Cementir aims to raise its sales by 18% to Euro2bn, its EBITDA by 3.4% to Euro425m and to more than double its net cash position again to Euro600m in two years.

Chair and chief executive officer Francesco Caltagirone said "Despite an increasingly uncertain macroeconomic scenario due to growing geopolitical tensions and more restrictive monetary conditions, in 2023 the group demonstrated significant resilience, setting new records thanks to an even more diversified geographical and product mix. The general weakness in volumes, with the exception of Türkiye and China, was balanced by the improvement in operational efficiency. The new industrial plan to 2026 continues to place sustainable organic growth at the centre of our strategy, confirming all medium and long-term objectives and continuing on our path towards decarbonisation."


US: CRH has completed its acquisition of a portfolio of cement and ready-mix concrete assets from Martin Marietta Materials for US$2.1bn. The portfolio includes the 2.1Mt/yr Hunter cement plant in Comal County, Texas.


Saudi Arabia: Yamama Cement Company has blamed a drop in sales in 2023 on a decrease in local demand. Its sales revenue declined by 7.2% year-on-year to US$250m in 2023 from US$268m in 2022. Meanwhile, the company’s net profit dropped by 14% to US$81.1m from US$94.9m.


Chile: Freehill Mining has won a US$181,000 order to supply raw materials to Cementos Melón's Coquimbo cement plant. Despatches, from the Yerbas Buenas metals mine, will take place in mid-March to mid-May 2024. Freehill Mining said that its local subsidiary is already in talks with Cementos Melón over a possible longer-term supply contract. Freehill Mining says that it processes the materials at a plant at its Yerbas Buenas site.

Freehill Mining’s non-executive chair Ben Jarvis said “This purchase order with Melón marks the first step of a major scale-up of activities at Yerbas Buenas. For the past six months, our focus has been to establish confidence with our customers so they regard Freehill as a dependable supplier. Now that we have achieved this, we are ramping up supply and thus increasing revenue. Whilst the value of this purchase order is pleasing, we are confident that much larger orders will materialise very soon.” He added “We anticipate having our larger plant operational at Yerbas Buenas by the end of this month.”


India: Tamil Nadu Cements plans to expand its limestone mining operations at the Pudupalayam quarry in Tamil Nadu. The New Indian Express newspaper has reported that local residents have protested against the planned expansion. Some local landowners claim that Tamil Nadu Cements did not pay them for the 121 hectares of land it originally acquired in Pudupalayam.


Italy: Buzzi recorded consolidated sales of Euro4.32bn in 2023, up by 8.1% from Euro4.32bn in 2022. This came in spite of a 7% year-on-year drop in the company’s cement sales volumes, to 26.3Mt. In its domestic market of Italy, Buzzi raised its sales by 13% to Euro818m. In the US, sales grew by 9.5% to Euro1.74bn, in Mexico by 33% to Euro1.03bn, in Germany by 9.2% to Euro872m, in the Czech Republic and Slovakia by 1.8% to Euro205m, in Poland by 11% to Euro157m and in Ukraine by 43% to Euro85.6m. On the other hand, Buzzi’s sales fell by 5.6% in Luxembourg and the Netherlands, to Euro214m, by 2% in Russia to Euro285m, and by 1.6% in Brazil to Euro394m.

The company said “The increasingly evident effects of monetary restriction, the worsening of consumer and business confidence, and the uncertainties dictated by the growing geopolitical tensions in Ukraine and the Middle East continue to weigh on the international economic framework. In fact, in the last part of 2023, global economic activity weakened further, with international trade contracting in the third quarter.”


Saudi Arabia: GAS Arabian Services Company has won a contract for the procurement of metering skids, pressure reduction stations and gas pipelines for Yamama Cement, Mist News has reported. Yamama Cement is in the process of expanding its Northern Halal cement plant to 32,500t/day in capacity.


Netherlands: Siam Cement Group has acquired new shares in electrochemistry start-up Avantium through its affiliate Senfi Ventures. Reuters has reported that the Thailand-based group now holds a 3% stake in Avantium, through total investments of US$4.82m.

Avantium’s technologies include the Volta system, which produces commercial chemicals using captured CO2. Avantium previously tested the system at a Titan Cement Group cement plant in Greece.


Ghana: The Ghana Standards Authority has enacted new quality standards for cement products. BNN Breaking News Ghana has reported that the new standards are intended to uphold safety for users of concrete buildings. This will reportedly be accompanied by increased enforcement against substandard products, including the roll-out of a new licensing system.


US: The Department of Transportation has announced a US$5m initiative to investigate the use of steel slag in cement and concrete. This will take the form of a collaboration between the Department of Transportation and a selected US-based steel producer and university partner. The initiative seeks to reduce CO2 emissions in the production of building materials. Prospective participants may view the grant opportunity here.

Transport secretary Pete Buttigieg said "We're proud to make this funding available to help develop the next generation of construction materials so that the future of our transport infrastructure is more resilient, more sustainable and made in America.”

Robert Hampshire, deputy assistant secretary for research and technology and chief science officer, said “This funding initiative will develop and advance innovative materials and technologies that support the nation’s goals to decarbonise the transportation sector by 2050, strengthen resilience of the nation’s transportation infrastructure, and address adverse environmental impacts created by the transportation system.”


Mexico: Cemex reported sales of US$17.4bn in 2023, up by 8% year-on-year from 2022 levels. Meanwhile, the group’s operating earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 20% to US$3.35bn. The producer said that strong product pricing in all markets and slowing costs inflation compounded the positive effects of its growth investment strategy. On a consolidated basis, Cemex’s cement sales volumes fell by 6% to 51.7Mt from 55.1Mt. They rose by 3% in Mexico but fell by 10% in Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia, by 3% in South and Central America and the Caribbean and by 13% in the US.

Chief executive officer Fernando González said "I am pleased to announce that 2023 is a great year for our company where we delivered not only great results and recovered from the extraordinary inflationary pressures of the last few years, but also continued executing against our ambitious decarbonisation commitments, reducing our CO2 emissions by 4% year-on-year and by 13% since 2020. Despite the significant macro challenges of the last four years, we have proven not only the resilience of our business model but also our ability to pivot and adjust rapidly to changing global conditions. This foundation gives us additional flexibility in capital allocation, where we continue to accelerate investments in our bolt-on growth strategy, initiate a sustainable return programme for shareholders and bolster our capital structure."


India: The Ramco Cements plans to more than double the clinker capacity of its Kalavatala cement plant in Andhra Pradesh to 6.3Mt/yr at a cost of US$151m. The new Line 2 will be equipped with a 15MW waste heat recovery (WHR) unit. The line will raise the producer’s installed cement capacity to 26Mt/yr and its clinker capacity to 19Mt/yr with commissioned scheduled by early 2026. The Ramco Cements plans to source the funds through internal accruals and bank borrowings.

At the same time, the company will invest US$18.4m in the construction of a 10MW WHR plant at its Ramasamy Raja Nagar cement plant in Tamil Nadu, scheduled for commissioning by March 2025. Both WHR projects will raise The Ramco Cements’ total WHR capacity by 58% to 68MW.

The Ramco Cements said that Kalavatala plant is currently operating at full capacity utilisation. It added that it decided to expand the plant in response to this and further ‘demand potential.’ In the current, fourth quarter of the 2024 financial year (1 January – 31 March 2024), the company expects to make capital expenditure (capex) investments of US$47m, followed by US$205m in the upcoming 2025 financial year.


India: Sanghi Industries has received shareholder approval to supply its cement and clinker to ACC and Ambuja Cements. Additionally, Sanghi Industries will begin to purchase of coal from fellow Adani Group subsidiary Adani Enterprises, according to the Economic Times newspaper. Under the new arrangements, ACC and Ambuja Cements will sell Sanghi Industries’ cement and clinker under their own brands, at a price 10% above production cost. This is reportedly below industry pricing standards for comparable deals of 25 - 30% higher pricing over costs.

Adani Group subsidiary Ambuja Cements acquired a 57% stake in Sanghi Industries on 5 December 2023.


India: Ramco Cements reported 5% growth in sales in the third quarter of the 2024 financial year (1 October – 31 December 2023), to US$254m. Rising cement volumes – up by 9.9% to 4Mt – helped to drive the growth in sales. Despite weather-related disruptions, Ramco Cements raised its earnings before interest, depreciation, taxation, and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 37% to US$48.4m. A 28% reduction in fuel prices to US$138/t of cement spurred earnings growth. Cement capacity utilisation during the quarter fell quarter-on-quarter to 74% to 82% previously.


Japan: Sumitomo Osaka Cement expects to record a 9.5% year-on-year rise in its sales in the 2024 financial year (1 April 2023 – 31 March 2024), to US$1.5bn. Nikkei Financial News has reported that this represents a downward revision of 1.3% from the producer’s previous estimate of US$1.52bn. On the other hand, Sumitomo Osaka Cement revised its profit forecast upwards by 12%, to US$79m. Previously in the 2023 financial year, it reported a loss of US$38.3m.


India: In the third quarter of the 2024 financial year (1 October – 31 December 2023), Grasim Industries’ earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 34% to US$620m. The Hindu Business Line newspaper has reported that the company partly attributed this to an increased sales contribution from its cement subsidiary UltraTech Cement. Nonetheless, Grasim Industries’ net profit dropped by 42% year-on-year in the quarter, to US$313m.


China: Xinjiang Tianshan Cement plans to make major capital expenditure (CAPEX) investments in its operations in 2024. Reuters has reported the projected value of the investments as US$2.36bn.


Japan: Taiheiyo Cement's nine-month results for the 2024 financial year showed a 9.9% year-on-year rise in sales, to US$4.44bn from US$4.04bn. Dow Jones Institutional News has reported that the producer’s net profit rebounded to US$194m, against a US$119m loss in the first nine months of the 2023 financial year.


US: The Portland Cement Association (PCA) has voiced its concerns over the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s newly finalised standard for particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5). The new standard reduces the level of particulate matter below 2.5μm diameter permitted in flue gas emissions to 9μg/m3 from 12μg/m3. The PCA says that it is concerned that the new rule may restrict US cement producers’ operations and ‘further complicate’ their efforts to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

President and CEO Mike Ireland said “This new rule strikes at the heart of the US cement industry's ability to deliver on the Biden Administration's infrastructure goals, as it would lead to fewer hours of operation at plants, which would mean layoffs, as well as less American cement and concrete at a time when the country needs more.” He added “The previous EPA standard on particulate matter emissions — arrived at by government officials working with industry — significantly drove down those emissions by 37% over the last 20 years. This downward trend would have continued without the new standard imposed."

However, EPA administrator Michael Stanley Regan said that the updated standard will prevent 4500 premature deaths and 290,000 lost workdays annually by 2032. Regan said “We do not have to sacrifice people to have a prosperous and booming economy.”


Mexico: Cemex has secured a place on environmental non-profit organisation CDP's 2023 A List for its leadership and transparency in delivering CO2 emissions reduction. Since initiating its Future in Action sustainability initiative in 2020, Cemex achieved a 13% reduction in its CO2 emissions up to 2023.

Cemex CEO Fernando González said "We are proud to be part of this prestigious group of climate action leaders and to receive CDP’s A rating, which reflects Cemex’s leadership in climate action and transparency through significant demonstrable actions. In this Decade to Deliver, we are committed to reaching our ambitious decarbonisation goals so that Net Zero is achievable by 2050."


Germany: Orcan Energy has expanded its Kiel plant in order to produce its waste heat recovery (WHR) systems entirely on-site. The expansion aims to meet increased global demand, in line with Orcan Energy's strategy to help reduce CO2 emissions from cement and other industries.

Orcan Energy CEO Andreas Sichert said "The decision to expand our in-house production capacity in Kiel reflects our commitment to growth and innovation in Germany. With roots in Munich and a range of global projects, we can promote sustainable change around the world from Germany. I look forward to working together with my colleagues in Kiel to contribute to a profitable and sustainable energy future."