Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW655 / 17 April 2024

Headlines


The stock market price of Tianrui Cement crashed by a staggering 99% last week. On 9 April 2024, during the last 15 minutes of trading at the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the price of shares in the company dropped from around US$0.64 to below US$0.01. Its market capitalisation swung from US$1.8bn to US$18m in a quarter of an hour. The cement producer then suspended trading shares the following morning. It said trading would remain halted until it made a formal announcement about the situation. At the time of writing that announcement is still forthcoming. The question on everyone’s minds is, “What happened?!”

On its website Tianrui Cement describes itself as “one of the 12 national cement enterprises supported by the Chinese government.” It is part of Tianrui Group and it listed itself on the Hong Kong Exchange in late 2011. By the end of 2020 it had 22 clinker production lines and 59 cement grinding units with a total cement production capacity of just under 58Mt/yr. It describes itself as the “leading clinker producer in Henan and Liaoning Provinces” and the ninth biggest clinker producer by capacity in the country.

Unfortunately, as reported by Global Cement Weekly earlier in April 2024, the cement market in China was tough in 2023. This has continued into the first quarter of 2024 with cement output falling by 12% year-on-year to 337Mt. Tianrui Cement, like many other China-based cement producers, reported falling sales and profits in 2023. Its revenue decreased by 29% year-on-year to US$1.09bn from US$1.58bn and it made a loss of US$87.6m compared to a profit of US$62m. Its cement sales volumes fell by 9% to 25.2Mt and it noted that the average price also fell by 22%. It blamed the fall in revenue on the lower volumes and prices. Profits and earnings suffered in turn as it couldn’t cut its costs fast enough.

Aside from the general poor state of the property market in China there has been little information about what actually happened to Tianrui Cement on 9 April 2024. Reuters reported speculation amongst financial sources that the company may have become subject to a margin call. In this situation an investor that has borrowed money to invest in shares has to provide additional funds if the value of the shares fall below a certain point. Bloomberg said that the controlling shareholder Li Liufa and his spouse jointly own approximately 70% of the company. It noted the risks of companies with a high concentration of shareholders and those that use shares as debt collateral. In this situation a large sale of shares could potentially trigger a panic as there might not be enough buyers.

Within China the Financial Associated Press (CLS) reported that three other companies listed on the Hong Kong Exchange had also experienced severe stock market volatility at the same time as Tianrui Cement. None of these other companies are in the building materials sector. Following the drop in its share price, Tianrui Cement told local media that the company was operating normally. Its spokesperson wondered whether the plunge in share value was due to small shareholders selling up. Coverage of local media by the China Cement Association explored the theory that the market was jittery about the poor state of the cement industry in China. Suspicions about the company’s debt structure were also raised.

From a western point of view the meteoric rise of the cement industry in China over the last 20 years has always carried the fear of a hard landing once the period of growth ended. The trick for the government and cement manufacturing is how to transition to lower levels of cement production without causing a recession. So, extreme stock volatility for a major cement producer in China is exactly what a cynical external observer might expect. China has a couple of exit routes up its sleeve though from the state-controlled nature of its economy, to how it approaches its net zero commitments, to the unreliability of its data, to exporting production capacity overseas and so on. This leaves us waiting to see what Tianrui Cement has to say to the market about what happened and what happens next. One share price crash for a cement producer might be forgivable. Two, however, might be seen as a sign of something else.


Australia: Cement Concrete & Aggregates Australia (CCAA) has appointed Michael Kilgariff as its CEO with effect from 6 May 2024. He will succeed Jason Kuchel, who has been working as the interim CEO.

CCAA represents the heavy construction materials industry in Australia. CCAA members operate cement manufacturing and distribution facilities, concrete batching plants, hard rock quarries, and sand and gravel extraction operations throughout Australia.

Kilgariff brings with him over 20 years industry association experience across infrastructure, transport, logistics, and energy sectors. He was the CEO of Roads Australia from 2018 to 2023, the managing director of the Australian Logistics Council from 2009 to 2018 and worked for the Energy Networks Association from 2004 to 2009.

George Agriogiannis, the chair of CCAA said that “Michael Kilgariff’s appointment comes at a critical time for CCAA as it goes through a process of renewal and transformation.” He continued, “The infrastructure industry is undergoing a pivot from transport to energy and social infrastructure, while the building industry is also facing a number of economic and social challenges, including an acute housing shortage. All these sectors require an efficient and sustainable supply chain of heavy construction materials.”


Poland: Heidelberg Materials Polska has appointed Piotr Misz as a Regional Director.

Misz has worked for Heidelberg Materials Group in Poland since 2015. He became the subsidiary’s Head of Regional Sales in 2019. Prior to this he held positions with JD Group and RMC Beton Śląsk managing ready-mix concrete plants. He holds a master’s degree in economics from the University of Opole.


Germany: Vecoplan has appointed Daniel Kessler as the Head of Technology. The role covers product development for the recycling machinery company, as well as issues related to digitalisation and engineering. Kessler has worked for Vecoplan since 2005. He started as a Commissioning Engineer before becoming the Head Of Electrical Department in 2020.


Pakistan: Attock Cement has announced the successful completion of a new production line at its cement plant in Hub, Baluchistan. This additional line is capable of producing 1.28Mt/yr of cement and commenced operation on 16 April 2024.


UK: First Graphene has announced a third trial at Breedon Group’s Hope Cement Works to test an optimised formulation of its PureGRAPH-CEM product under full-scale production conditions. The trial aims to further improve the performance of graphene nanoplatelets in cement production using practical experiences obtained from the previous two trials. The third trial is based on a PureGRAPH grade with a particle size distribution and morphology optimised for use in cement grinding mills, designed for direct addition to the mill without the need for additional equipment. The trial will last eight hours and involves close monitoring of cement fineness during the process. It will use just over 2t of the graphene product in up to 1000t of cement, according to the company. The trial is scheduled to start in the second quarter of 2024.


Colombia: Cementos Argos and Sistema Verde have collaborated to transform nearly 27t of waste from the Estéreo Picnic music festival in Bogotá on 21 – 24 March 2024 into alternative fuel for Cementos Argos' Cartagena plant. The initiative, which includes converting materials such as plastics and cardboard into fuel, aligns with Cementos Argos’ aim to reduce fossil fuel use and CO₂ emissions per tonne of cement by 29% by 2030.

Mauricio Giraldo, director of alternative resources at Cementos Argos said "We are very pleased to be part of this alliance with which we join the global need to join efforts to make an adequate use of waste in a safe, controlled and clean manner. Our goal as a company is to dispose of more than 300,000t/yr of waste, and with actions like this, we continue to contribute to achieving this goal.”


Equatorial Guinea: A new five-year service agreement has been signed with SSB International Limited (SSBIL) to provide expertise and supervisory support for the operation and maintenance of Abayak Cement’s plant in Akoga. The plant, equipped with key technology including an OK™ Mill and a ROTAX-2® Kiln supplied by FLSmidth, has been largely idle since its installation in 2016 due to power supply issues. With recent investments in a new power plant and the reactivation of equipment, however, commissioning is underway and is expected to be complete by mid-2024.


Spain: Cement consumption has dropped by 10% in the first quarter of 2024, totalling 3.3Mt. This represents an 11% year-on-year decrease compared to the same quarter of 2023, according to the latest data released by Oficemen. The 2024 quarterly decline was influenced by a 23.6% fall in consumption in March 2024 to 1.1Mt, 339,869t less than March 2023. Over the last 12 months (April 2023 - March 2024), consumption fell by 6.4% to 14.1Mt, nearly 1Mt less than in the previous corresponding period of April 2022 – March 2023.

Oficemen general director Aniceto Zaragoza said "Aside from the situational circumstances of March 2024, the year-moving data reflect a negative trend, resulting from 10 months of decline. This is concerning but in line with our forecasts that anticipated a negative start to the year, with a modest recovery in the second half, provided that the international and local situation remains stable.”

Cement exports have declined by 25.1% in the first quarter of 2024, standing at around 1Mt. In March 2024, the decline was 32.4%, with a loss of 178,953t, marking nine months of consecutive declines. Over the year-moving period, the fall is 14%, with a total of 4.8Mt of cement exported. representing a loss of almost 800,000t less than in the previous 12 months.


Pakistan: The Competition Commission of Pakistan (CCP) has issued a policy note to the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority, recommending amendments to the Pakistan Standard Specification for cement. It also recommends mandatory disclosure by cement producers of manufacturing dates and expiry dates on cement. The CCP claims that cement absorbs moisture and loses its strength within 4 - 6 weeks under normal storage conditions, or even sooner under adverse weather conditions or high humidity.

The CCP said "The non-disclosure of such material information can mislead consumers and put them at risk of purchasing expired cement, which may compromise the strength and effectiveness of construction projects."


Ukraine: Data from Ukrcement, the Ukrainian Cement Association, show that cement consumption grew by 17% from 4.6Mt in 2022 to 5.4Mt in 2023. Pavlo Kachur, the head of Ukrcement, said that consumption is expected to continue growing modestly in 2024, according to Interfax-Ukraine. He added that the country exported 1.24Mt of cement in 2023.

Before Russia invaded the country in 2022 it reported consumption of 10.5Mt in 2021. It has a production capacity of 13.6Mt/yr. Despite the ongoing war the local cement sector says it is considering plans to meet future market demand such as repairing plants in Balakliya and Kramatorsk and even, potentially, building new production lines.


India: UltraTech Cement will integrate vertical mill technology from Gebr. Pfeiffer for three new clinker production lines. Gebr. Pfeiffer SE and its Indian subsidiary, Gebr. Pfeiffer India, will fulfil a subsequent order.

At the Happy 3 plant, cement raw material grinding will be conducted using an MVR 5000 R-4 mill, equipped with a 5300kW drive, capable of grinding about 705t/hr to a product fineness of 1.5% R 212µm. Additionally, three MPS 3550 BK mills, each with a 1300kW gearbox, will grind about 45t/hr of petcoke or 90t/hr of coal. These mills come with an integrated SLS 3750 BK classifier.

Gebr. Pfeiffer's MVR mills are distinct in their use of rollers according to the R=C principle. This design allows the same rollers to be used with parts for both raw meal and cement grinding. The MVR 5000 R-4 mill at Happy 3 features four actively redundant rollers, maintaining about 70% production capacity during maintenance. Gebr. Pfeiffer equips MVR mills with maintenance-oriented condition monitoring systems, enabling the implementation of digital maintenance strategies.

Handling of the order will be a collaborative effort between Gebr. Pfeiffer SE and Gebr. Pfeiffer India with all customer support and plant planning managed by Pfeiffer engineers in Noida. Core components like gearboxes, grinding bowls and roller suspensions will be shipped from Europe, while other parts like foundations and classifiers will be provided by the Indian subsidiary. Support for the plants will be managed by the customer support centre in Noida, accessible via remote data or on-site personnel.


Bolivia: National cement production reached a record 4Mt in 2023, despite a noted decline in exports, according to the Bolivian Institute of Foreign Trade (IBCE). Santa Cruz contributed 27.4% to the total cement output, followed closely by La Paz with 26.8%, and Chuquisaca at 18.3%. According to Noticias Financieras News, this output is largely due to investments by cement companies in Santa Cruz, such as Itacamba's US$220m investment in a new plant in 2016, which has a production capacity of 870,000t/yr. Other firms like Soboce and Fancesa have also invested in the region. The construction industry in Santa Cruz grew by 3% in 2023, although this was a decrease in growth rate compared to previous years.


Philippines: Holcim Philippines will invest US$35m in sustainability initiatives at its four plants over the next three years. The investments will also include US$17.5m for its waste management arm, Geocycle, increasing capacity for local government unit waste processing.

Chief sustainability officer Samuel Manlosa Jr. said "There is also a side where, if we want to take in more volume, we need to increase our capacity to shred and prepare the materials. Our cement plants, even as sophisticated and technologically advanced as they are, were constructed 20 years ago when norms were different, so we had to make changes in the process to make sure that the plants were able to accept more."

The company will further invest between US$8.7m and US$17.5m in renewable energy and electrification of its vehicle fleet. President and CEO Horia Adrian said "We are purchasing electricity right now, but we have plans to put in place solar facilities and we are looking at the possibility of using electricity generated from biowaste here. By the end of 2024, some of them should be ready."

He concluded that investments at the Bulacan and La Union plants are set to start this year, with those in Davao and Lugait scheduled for 2025.


India: Kerala has converted approximately 48,000t of non-recyclable waste into refuse-derived fuel (RDF) for use in cement plants, from the period of January - December 2023. The Department of Local Self-Government reported that 29,826t originated from the government sector and 18,205t from the private sector. The material was collected from households and shops, separated at collection facilities and sent to cement plants for co-processing. The local authorities managed the collection and separation of dry waste.

The state has ‘significantly’ invested in infrastructure for dry waste storage, with 167 resource recovery facilities, 1981 collection facilities, 20,904 mini collection facilities, and 57 storage warehouses over 45,522m2. The Haritha Mithram mobile app has led to an increase in door-to-door waste collection and the volume of dry waste processed. The state has added 41 more warehouses so far in 2024 to manage the increased waste collection.


Türkiye: Exports of cement products from Türkiye to the US have decreased by 12% year-on-year to US$165m from January - March 2024, according to the Türkiye Trade Ministry. The ministry also reported that in March 2024, cement exports to the US fell to US$57.5m, representing a 28% year-on-year decrease. Overall, Türkiye's global cement product exports dropped 7.4% to US$1.1bn in the first quarter of 2024. In March 2024, exports were down 11% at US$390m. Despite these declines, Türkiye achieved cement product exports totalling US$4.5bn from March 2023 - March 2024.


Russia: Cement consumption in Russia has increased for 13 consecutive months, according to Darya Martynkina, executive director of the Soyuzcement union of cement producers. This figure increased by 8% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, from 10.4Mt of cement to 11.2Mt.

Martynkina said "Development of infrastructure in Russia still does not correspond to long-term economic tasks and society needs. For example, the level of road network coverage in our country and the level of transport mobility are insufficient; high-speed motorways are close to none."

She highlighted extensive projects that will require ‘significant’ amounts of cement, including the North Siberian railway, the upgrade of 75 airports by 2030, improvements to seaports and expansions of the Eastern Range railway and the M-12 highway extending to Vladivostok.


US: Holcim has completed a major expansion of its cement holding facility in North Fremont, allowing the plant to meet ‘growing’ market demands in the Omaha region. The US$20m project includes additional rail capacity, a new 50,000t cement dome, an extra silo and a blender for product mixing.

According to the company, the facility now employs seven staff members, up from three, and fulfils the Nebraska Department of Transportation's blended cement requirements using natural pozzolan to create a lower-carbon product.

Holcim's head of US Corporate Communications, Lynn Safranek, said "The availability of extra cement storage and the addition of rail capacity means fewer trips to transport cement from Holcim’s plant in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri, and more reliance on train transportation, which is more efficient than other land-based alternatives.”


US: Fortera has inaugurated its first ‘green’ cement production facility in North America, located in Redding, California. The 2787m2 ReCarb plant operates alongside the existing CalPortland cement plant, capturing CO₂ emissions and mineralising the CO₂ into calcium carbonate for production of the company’s low-carbon ReAct cement. The process reportedly reduces emissions by 70% compared to traditional methods, yielding a tonne of ‘green’ cement for every tonne of limestone input. The facility aims to capture 6600t/yr of CO₂ and to produce 15,000t/yr of ‘green’ cement.

According to Fortera CEO Ryan Gilliam, Fortera currently has 20 upcoming projects with various cement producers, which will cost US$150m each. This includes a plant in the Midwest that will be a 25-fold capacity increase compared to the Redding plant, producing 400,000t/yr of ‘green’ cement.


India: Ambuja Cements will acquire the grinding unit of My Home Group in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, for US$49.6m. The unit has a capacity of 1.5Mt/yr. The acquisition is spread across a 24.6-hectare site near Tuticorin Port and comes with a long-term fly ash agreement.

The CEO of Cement Business at Adani Group, Ajay Kapur said "In addition to the infrastructure and geographical advantages, Ambuja Cements will also inherit the existing dealer network and retain current employees, facilitating a smooth transition and enabling the rapid ramp-up of utilisation."

The total cement capacity of Adani Group now stands at 78.9Mt/yr.


Portugal: Workers from Cimpor, along with those from its subsidiaries Ciarga Argamassas, Serviços and Sacopor, will participate in a three-day strike from 16 – 19 April 2024. The Portuguese Federation of Construction, Ceramics and Glass Trade Unions (FEVICCOM) announced that strike rallies are scheduled for 8am daily near the entrances to cement plants in Souselas, Alhandra and Loulé.

The workers are demanding an 8% salary increase in 2024, with a minimum of €200, a 37-hour work week starting 1 January 2025, annual bonuses, shift work compensation and public holidays in continuous work regimes. Cimpor management previously raised salaries by 4.5% at the start of 2024. This is above the inflation rate in Portugal and twice the increase seen by the civil service. Cimpor added that it had previously increased salaries above the rate of inflation in previous years.


Belarus: Despite revenue increases for two of its three major cement companies, the cement industry in Belarus recorded net losses in 2023. According to Business World Magazine Ukraine, Krychaucementnashyfer saw a 9.3% rise compared to the previous year, while Krasnaselskstroymateryjaly experienced a 5.6% year-on-year rise in revenue. Conversely, Belarusian Cement Plant's revenue declined by 2.9%. Overall, the sector's losses totalled nearly US$64.2m, representing a year-on-year increase of 50%.

Krychaucementnashyfer's losses escalated nearly fourfold to US$36.9m, while Krasnaselskstroymateryjaly's losses doubled to US$16.9m. However, Belarusian Cement Plant managed to reduce its net loss by 16%, resulting in a loss of US$10.5m.


Germany: Heidelberg Materials has begun work on the GeZero project at its Milke plant in Geseke. The €500 million project will implement carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to prevent the release of CO₂, instead capturing and storing it under the North Sea. According to the Westfälische Rundschau, the project has secured €191m in funding from the EU, with Heidelberg Materials covering the remaining amount. The company anticipates completing the plant conversion by 2029, with interim CO₂ transport via rail and potential future pipeline connections. According to the company, around 700,000t/yr of CO₂ is currently produced by the plant.

There had been potential changes in project partnerships due to the sale of BASF subsidiary Wintershall Dea, which was to provide the transport and storage solutions, to Harbour Energy. However, plant manager Steffen Gajewski expects that planning for the conversion of the plant will be completed in 2025, when the new oxyfuel kilns to capture the CO₂ will be ordered and installed.


Germany: Holcim is investing a three-figure million sum into its cement plant in Lägerdorf, Steinburg, according to the Segeberger Zeitung. The plant will employ a second-generation oxyfuel kiln line to increase the concentration of CO₂ in the flue gas during clinker production. The project aims to capture 1Mt/yr of CO₂. The new kiln line is expected to be operational by 2029.

State Secretary for Energy, Joschka Knuth, said "The decarbonisation of Holcim is a very important signal for the entire industrial location of Germany."


Canada: Heidelberg Materials North America has announced a new front end engineering design (FEED) contract for its Edmonton carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) project. This involves MHI Low Carbon Solutions Canada (MHI-LCSC) and Kiewit Energy Group who will collaborate on the carbon capture technology at the plant. The FEED study will leverage MHI's Advanced KM CDR Process, which uses the KS-21 solvent. The Edmonton plant aims to capture 1Mt/yr of CO₂.

Vice President at Kiewit, Rob Medley, said "Heidelberg Materials is taking a major step towards decarbonising hard to abate industries by deploying innovative and effective carbon capture technology."


Australia: Boral has endorsed Seven Group Holdings' (SGH) increased takeover offer after the bidder enhanced its proposal. According to Business News Western Australia, Boral is now recommending its shareholders accept SGH's offer, previously rejected in March 2024. The offer has risen from an initial US$0.98/share to a maximum of US$1.11/share. An on-market buyback is also an option at up to US$4.19/share, with total shareholder value estimated between US$4.02 and US$4.17.

Boral's independent corporate advisory company, Grant Samuel, now finds the offer ‘reasonable’. SGH has increased its stake in Boral to 78.8% and proposes further governance adjustments by adding two more executives to Boral's board.

Managing director of SGH, Ryan Stokes, said "We are pleased to offer Boral shareholders the maximum consideration under our offer. Both new and existing SGH shareholders also stand to benefit from the US$0.20/share fully franked dividend that SGH will pay following completion of the offer." The offer period is extended to 15 May 2024.


Nigeria: The government has threatened to reopen borders for mass cement importation if local producers do not reduce prices. The Minister of Housing and Urban Development, Ahmed Dangiwa, said that the country had recently seen a ‘recurring and concerning increase in the price of cement’, according to the People’s Daily newspaper. Recent price hikes have threatened an agreement made in February 2024 to stabilise the price of cement. The government had previously halted cement imports to boost local production and affordability, yet producers cite high fuel and equipment costs as factors driving up prices.

The Cement Manufacturing Association of Nigeria has been criticised for its inaction in price regulation. Dangiwa said “The association is expected to monitor price control, otherwise it has no need to exist.”


China: Shares of China Tianrui Group Cement plummeted by 99% in just 15 minutes before Hong Kong’s stock market closed on 9 April 2024, according to Reuters. This led to a decrease in the market value of the company, to US$17m from US$1.86bn. The cause of the sudden drop remains unknown and trading in Tianrui shares is suspended pending an announcement on ‘inside information’.

In the 2023 financial year, the company recorded a net loss of US$45.8m, compared to its US$62m net profit in 2022. This downturn is partly attributed to the struggles in China's property sector.


South Africa: Afrimat has received approval to acquire all of Lafarge South Africa and its subsidiaries. The acquisition has been structured as a locked box transaction, effective 31 December 2022, and the purchase is valued at US$6m. Afrimat also agreed to repay its loan amounts owed equating to US$47.8m. Afrimat confirmed the acquisition of the LSA Group, part of the Holcim Group, on 10 April 2024.

CEO Andries van Heerden said "The time was perfect for Afrimat to return to its roots of quarrying and aggregates to support long-term diversified sustainability across the group." He added that CFO Pieter de Wit will serve as the full-time integration manager to ensure integration of the two entities.

Pieter de Wit said "This exciting deal forms part of the Afrimat group’s ongoing diversification strategy. It will increase Afrimat’s offering in the construction materials space, by expanding the group’s quarry and ready-mix operations nationally."

The deal will bring 800 Lafarge employees to Afrimat. The acquisition also includes Lafarge's fly ash operations and a grinding plant. Funded primarily in cash, Afrimat's move comes at a time when the construction materials sector is experiencing increased demand, driven partly by state initiatives and a ‘robust’ residential building market in coastal regions.


Vietnam: The Vietnam Cement Association (VNCA) has urged the government to address the cement industry's challenges, following a continuous decline in sales since 2022. Despite having 61 cement plants with a combined capacity of 117Mt/yr, the industry recorded sales of only 87.8Mt/yr in 2023, marking a 16% year-on-year fall in domestic consumption to 56.6Mt and a 1% decline in exports to 31.2Mt. The downturn in both domestic and export markets has resulted in excess inventory, leading many plants to reduce capacity or halt operations, with some facing bankruptcy or the risk of foreign acquisition.

Several factors have contributed to the industry's difficulties, including reduced domestic demand due to reliance on traditional construction techniques in major infrastructure projects, a stagnant real estate market, escalating fuel costs, and increased export taxes on clinker. To combat these issues, VNCA proposes promoting concrete use in high-speed infrastructure projects, especially in the Central region and the Mekong Delta. It also advocates maintaining or eliminating export taxes on clinker for the next two years and providing VAT exemptions. Additionally, VNCA calls for financial support, requesting banks to offer debt relief and reduced interest rates to cement companies. The association also advises against further foreign investment in Vietnam's cement sector.


US: Boulder County has initiated action to terminate the operating licence of the Cemex cement plant near Lyons, Colorado, citing improper expansion of use. Dale Case, director of Boulder County Community Planning and Permitting, sent a notice to the company, motivated by a ‘significant’ rise in traffic. The letter said that the increased traffic created a need for new traffic construction and infrastructure, and requires a new access permit from the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT).

The plant has been operational since 1965, but faced changes in 1994 when Boulder County amended its land use code, necessitating special use approval for open mining at the Dowe Flats Quarry. The special use approval for the quarry expired on 30 September 2022, leading to termination of all mining operations and multiple complaints alleging the cement plant's non-compliance with county code and traffic congestion. A CDOT study revealed an increase in truck traffic since the quarry's closure, with daily trips increasing by 50% year-on-year.

Cemex now has a 30-day window to contest the director's determination, reduce plant use, or appeal to the Boulder County Board of Commissioners. The plant will continue operating under existing conditions until a final decision is reached.


Brazil: Votorantim Cimentos has inaugurated its first unit in Brazil for Viter, its agricultural inputs business, and Verdera, its sustainable waste management business. Located in Itaperuçu, the unit comprises a new Verdera waste crushing plant and an agricultural limestone production line for Viter. This initiative is part of a US$785m investment programme.

Verdera's Itaperuçu facility has a capacity of 48,000t/yr, tripling its previous capability, and is equipped with technology for sustainable waste treatment. The waste processed at the plant will be converted into clean energy for cement production at Votorantim's plant in Rio Branco do Sul, using co-processing technology developed by Votorantim in Brazil in 1991. Viter's new line will increase agricultural limestone production in Paraná. The Itaperuçu plant, along with the existing Rio Branco do Sul unit, brings Viter's total capacity to 1.5Mt/yr of agricultural limestone in Paraná. The new plant features filters for emission control and utilises biomass as a renewable energy source.