Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW664 / 19 June 2024

Headlines


Adani Group’s subsidiary Ambuja Cements signed a deal this week to buy Penna Cement for US$1.25bn. The agreement adds 14Mt/yr of cement production capacity to the group with a focus in the south of India. The acquisition is a big step towards the group’s target of reaching a capacity of 140Mt/yr by 2028. Ajay Kapur, the head of Ambuja Cements, also singled out the advantage the company hopes to gain from taking control of Penna Cement’s terminals saying that they would “prove to be a gamechanger by giving access to the eastern and southern parts of peninsular India.” The move is expected to increase the group’s market share in India by 2%, and by 8% in South India.

Penna Cement operates four integrated plants in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana with a capacity of 7Mt/yr. Two of these units also include waste heat recovery installations and one has a captive power plant. It runs two grinding plants in Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra with a capacity of 3Mt/yr. Another integrated plant is being built at Jodhpur in Rajasthan and a grinding plant at Krishnapatnam in Andhra Pradesh. Finally, the company owns four bulk cement terminals at Kolkata, Gopalpur, Karaikal and Kochi in India, one at Colombo in Sri Lanka and it also owns a 25,000t cement carrier.

Adani Group’s march towards that target of 140Mt/yr by 2028 started off in mid-2022 when it purchased Ambuja Cements and ACC from Holcim. This gave it a starting capacity of 68Mt/yr in the cement sector. Various smaller additions followed including new plants at Ametha and Dahej and the acquisitions of Asian Cement and Concrete, MyHome Industries and Sanghi Industries. The latter company was the biggest of these purchases. Once the in-progress projects from Penna Cement are built, Adani Group should have a capacity of 93Mt/yr. Another 20Mt/yr is reportedly at various stages of execution. The remaining 27Mt/yr is described as being ‘blueprint ready.’

Generally, the local financial press has been in favour of the transaction agreeing with the geographic advantages of Adani Group increasing its presence in the southern states. The benefits of the high number of railway sidings at Penna Cement’s plants were also commented upon as a means for Ambuja Cements to reduce its costs per tonne of cement. The logistics benefit from the port terminals is also expected by Adani Group’s chief financial officer to reduce the group’s logistics costs with an impact expected within the next year. However, it has been reported that Penna Cement’s operating performance had been weaker in the last financial year due to low sales volumes, poor operational efficiency and high coal costs. A takeover by Adani Group could certainly fix the latter two issues. Yet, it has also been reported that competition in the cement markets in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana is up, due to a mismatch between supply and demand. So, improving Penna Cement’s capacity utilisation in these regions might be harder to solve than simply being absorbed into Adani Group.

India’s two largest cement producers both have plans in motion to mount up production capacity by the end of the decade in what has been dubbed ‘the battle of the billionaires.’ The market leader is UltraTech Cement and it has shown reluctance to cede ground to the cement newcomer Adani Group. The former company’s current target is to make it to just under 190Mt/yr by 2027. It said it had a capacity of 152Mt/yr in May 2024. It is ahead of Adani Group by this measure but there is still plenty of scope for surprises. Given the rivalry between the companies there is a regular stream of speculation about which of the smaller cement producers they might be about to buy at any given time. For example, in October 2023 HeidelbergCement India was rumoured to be courting offers from UltraTech Cement, Adani Group and JSW Cement. Last week, Adani Group was reportedly interested in buying either Saurashtra Cement, the cement business of Jaiprakash Associates, Vadraj Cement or… Penna Cement. Occasionally the rumours are true after all. UltraTech Cement remains in first place for now but the situation may change.


Germany: Heidelberg Materials has appointed Katharina Beumelburg as its Chief Sustainability & New Technologies Officer. She succeeds Nicola Kimm, who will leave the company on 31 August 2024. Beumelburg will take up her position on 1 October 2024.

Beumelburg joins Heidelberg Materials from SLB (formerly Schlumberger), where she has worked as the Chief Strategy and Sustainability Officer since May 2021. Previously, she spent over 15 years at Siemens, Siemens Energy, and Hydrogen Europe, focusing on business strategy and excellence as well as energy systems. She has studied Industrial Engineering and Mechanical Engineering and holds a PhD in Robotics and Automation from the University of Stuttgart.


Italy: The Italian cement association Federbeton has appointed Stefano Gallini as its president. He succeeds Roberto Callieri in the position.

Gallini is currently the CEO of Heidelberg Materials Italia, a role he assumed at the start of 2024. Before this he was the West African Region Managing Director for Heildelberg Materials and the Managing Director for Sierra Leone. Gallini previously worked for Italcementi from 2000 to 2017 becoming the company’s Chief Commercial Officer Egypt in 2010.


Spain: Votorantim Cimentos Spain has appointed Carmen Boulet as Director of Sustainability, Strategy and New Businesses. She previously worked for McKinsey & Company as an Engagement Manager before working for Google in Spain as Strategic Partner Manager Lead and later becoming the Strategy Director for Clarity AI. Boulet holds a master of engineering degree from the Universidad Pontificia Comillas and a master of business administration qualification from the Columbia Business School.


US: Giant Cement Holding (GCH) has appointed Michael Greto as its Vice President of Supply Chain.

Greto joined GCH’s cement division in 2008 and previously worked as the company’s Director Of Logistics from 2019. He holds an undergraduate degree in transportation economics from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and Advanced Studies APICS Certifications in Supply Chain Management from Villanova University.

GCH, a subsidiary of Fortaleza Materiales, consolidates US-based cement companies Giant Cement, Keystone Cement, Dragon Products and energy recovery operations through Giant Resource Recovery.


India: Christian Pfeiffer has appointed Krishna Mohan Gundapaneni as its Area Sales Manager for South East Asia.

Gundapaneni previously worked for FLSmidth in India from 2008 in a variety of sales roles starting as its Deputy General Manager - Project Sales. He became the equipment supplier’s Area Sales Manager - Pyro & Grinding - Capital Products at the start of 2024. Prior to working for FLSmidth he was the Deputy Manager – Marketing for Fives Cail KCP. He holds a bachelor of technology in mechanical engineering from the Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College and a master of business administration from Andhra University.


Saudi Arabia: Qassim Cement Company (QCC) has successfully completed the acquisition of Hail Cement Company (HCC) for US$378m. The transaction, initially announced on 25 September 2022, involved increasing QCC's capital to facilitate the acquisition of all HCC shares. The acquisition follows a binding implementation agreement reported by HCC on the Saudi Exchange.


Kazakhstan: Steppe Cement saw a notable decrease in net profit to US$4.5m in 2023, down from US$17.9m in 2022. The company also reported a decrease in revenue to US$81.8m from US$86.7m in 2022, largely due to competitive pressures and logistical challenges, that affected exports. Despite these hurdles, domestic sales grew by 4%, though exports nearly ceased, reflecting the new capacities in neighbouring Uzbekistan which have driven down prices and diminished profits from exports.

The country's cement market contracted slightly to 11.5Mt in 2023, with per capita consumption settling at 575kg. The local cement industry has balanced demand and production, but seasonal fluctuations continue to affect the market, particularly in northern regions. Production costs increased by US$8m and the company has responded by increasing capacity by 0.1Mt with a US$3.1m capital expenditure aimed to enhance efficiency at its facilities. Looking ahead to 2024, an additional US$2.4m is earmarked for further improvements.


Spain: Heidelberg Materials, the owner of Cementos Rezola, has announced a restructuring plan that will affect 56 employees, roughly half of the workforce at the Añorga plant in Donostia. This decision comes as part of an employment regulation filing (ERE) linked to the cessation of clinker production in a move towards decarbonising cement manufacturing.

The company has proposed 15 early retirements, 30 internal relocations (to other plants within the group) and 11 external relocations. Unions have clarified that of the internal transfers, 15 positions are offered at the Arrigorriaga plant in Bizkaia. Management stated that those not interested in relocation options within the group will be offered external relocation solutions and can avail of measures the company will implement to assist in finding new employment in the labour market.

The company said “The ERE targets positions that are no longer required as a result of the cessation of clinker production, necessary to meet decarbonisation obligations.”
Despite the significant impact of the ERE, the company highlighted that this represents a proportion ‘substantially lower than the decrease in activity volume’ at the Añorga plant. It also confirmed plans to continue cement production in Añorga using clinker produced at the ‘more efficient plant in Arrigorriaga’.

This transition will support a €32m investment from 2024 to 2026 aimed at decarbonising both plants. Half of this investment will be allocated to the Añorga plant to transform it into a facility specialising in ‘sustainable’ cement.


Germany: Rohrdorfer has started operation of a new photovoltaic (PV) unit at its Rohrdorf cement plant near Rosenheim in Upper Bavaria. The rooftop PV installation comprises 1000 modules, covers around 2000m2 and has a peak output of 400kW. The construction time of the solar panels took five weeks. Modules supplied by Hecker Solar were installed by Elektro Ecker.

The cement plant has produced around one third of its electricity requirements via a waste heat recovery unit since 2011. Rohrdorf Group aims to generate 30% of its electricity from renewable sources as a whole by 2033.


Afghanistan: The Ministry of Mines and Petroleum has awarded three new contracts for the construction of cement plants in Herat, Kandahar and Parwan. Xinhua News Agency has reported the total value of the contracts as US$500m.

The government aims to achieve national self-sufficiency in cement production by rebuilding destroyed cement plants and building new ones. Plans are in motion to grant further contracts for the construction of cement plants in Jawzjan, Logar and Samangan.


South Korea: Korea Cement has plans to conduct a capital increase of US$36.3m. The producer said that it will use the funds to invest in its operations.


Vietnam: Siam Cement Group (SCG) has announced the launch of a new 20% reduced CO2 cement in Vietnam. Việt Nam News has reported that SCG achieved the reduction through technical upgrades to its cement production, alternative fuels co-processing and waste heat recovery. The producer said the move is a response to growing demand for lower-carbon alternatives in the country’s cement market.

Deputy country director for Vietnam Tanakorn Theeramankong said "For the first time, SCG has introduced a new low carbon cement to the Vietnamese market, marking a significant step forward in our journey to achieve net-zero emissions. By pursuing advanced technologies to develop low carbon cement, we not only reduce our environmental impact but also set a new standard for Vietnam’s construction industry."


India: The newly re-elected Indian government has approved the construction of 20m new rural homes up to the end of the 2030 financial year on 31 March 2030. This will entail the construction of new units at a rate of 4m/yr. The Business Standard newspaper has reported that the government raised rural homebuilding subsidies by 67% to US$2400/home, and by 69% to US$2640 in hill country. It said that this is necessary due to a rise in the price of building materials.


India: A worker has died after being caught in a belt at Ultratech Cement’s Manawar cement plant in Madhya Pradesh’s Dhar District on the morning of 17 June 2024. Local press reported that 30-year-old Tikam Singh succumbed to his injuries after becoming trapped in the equipment. The police have launched an investigation into the incident.


Europe: A joint statement by Cefic, Cembureau, Eurofer, Eurometaux and WindEurope has called for accelerated wind deployment as part of a new industrial deal to further support the Green Deal in the European Union (EU).

The organisations say that Europe's energy-intensive industries, like cement and steel, are vital for the wind energy supply chain. However, they assert that current policies lack frameworks that effectively support these industries, which have faced production curtailments due to the energy crisis. Addressing these challenges is fundamental to a new Industrial Deal for Europe, aimed at boosting renewable energy deployment to reduce energy costs. According to the International Energy Agency, the growth in solar photovolatics and wind capacity from 2021 to 2023 helped keep electricity prices lower than they would have been otherwise. Coupling the EU Green Deal with an industrial deal is seen as a strategy to provide regulatory stability, encourage investments in decarbonisation, and enhance competitiveness.

Koen Coppenholle, CEO of Cembureau, said "Cement is a critical component in the construction of wind turbine foundations and their recycling, while the growth of renewable energy is indispensable to achieve the cement sector’s net zero ambition. We look forward to a good cooperation with the wind energy sector to support a strong EU industrial policy and help building the business case for decarbonisation investments," said Coppenholle.


India: Adani Cement is upgrading its facility in Himachal Pradesh by installing a new 7800t/day double-stage cooler grate. This upgrade aims to increase efficiency, lower power consumption and clinker temperature and enhance waste heat recovery system performance, according to the company. The project involves replacing the first and second grates of the existing IKN pendulum cooler.


Philippines: Cemex has sold its Philippine cement brands to the Consunji family for US$12.55m. Cemex Holdings Philippines revealed that APO Cement and Solid Cement repurchased the brands from Cemex Innovation Holding in Switzerland. APO Cement, based in Naga, Cebu, acquired the ‘Apo Cement’ brand for US$8.2m, while Solid Cement, located in Antipolo, bought the ‘Rizal’ and ‘Island’ trademarks for US$4.53m. This follows Cemex's strategic withdrawal from the Philippines, completing the sale of Apo Cement and Solid Cement to DMCI Holdings, Dacon and Semirara Mining and Power of the Consunji family for US$305.6m in April 2024.


Vietnam: Export prices for clinker and cement in Vietnam have dropped significantly in May 2024, impacting the construction industry and raising concerns among exporters. This decline is due to decreased international demand, intense competition, and evolving trade policies, according to the Vietnam News Brief Service. The Ministry of Construction noted that after a decade of growth, export volumes have fallen sharply since 2022, with exports dropping to 10.9Mt in 2023 from 15.2Mt the previous year. Only 5.4Mt is expected to be exported in the first half of 2024.

The Vietnam Cement Association (VNCA) has highlighted ongoing challenges, particularly influenced by the downturn in China’s real estate market and competitive pressures from Chinese cement surpluses. The VNCA has urged Vietnamese exporters to explore new markets, improve product quality and increase production efficiency. Additionally, the VNCA recommends that the government consider eliminating export taxes on clinker to mitigate these challenges.


Brazil: The heavy rains and flooding in Rio Grande do Sul state have negatively affected cement sales in May 2024, with volumes dropping by 5.6% year-on-year to 5.3Mt, according to the National Union of the Cement Industry (SNIC). Overall sales for the first five months of 2024 reached 25.2Mt, a slight increase of 0.8%. Despite a 0.8% growth in GDP in the first quarter of 2023, the construction sector saw a 0.5% decline due to high interest rates impacting financing and investments. A positive business outlook is expected for the second half of the year, buoyed by labour market trends and wage increases.

Paulo Camillo Penna, President of SNIC, said "In support of the population affected by the severe floods and rains, cement plants in Rio Grande do Sul are fully operational to assist in reconstruction, with normalised supply of the product, which will be essential for the execution of hundreds of necessary projects throughout the state."


Zambia: Chilanga Cement has commissioned a US$20m kiln upgrade project, known as the Phoenix Project, at its Ndola plant. This initiative will double the plant's cement production capacity from 500,000t/yr to 1Mt/yr.


Zimbabwe: Khayah Cement has reported a significant increase in sales volumes across its operations for the year ending 31 December 2023. Dry mortar product sales volumes surged by 153%, bolstered by the demand for the Supagrow agricultural lime range within the government's Pfumvudza agriculture programme, absorbing 0.34Mt during the period. The firm's cement business also saw a 34% year-on-year increase in sales volumes following the installation of a vertical cement mill in the third quarter of 2022.

Despite challenges such as power quality issues and equipment breakdowns impacting production, bulk cement volumes grew from 1% to 4% during the period. However, clinker production volumes fell by 21%, mainly due to the mothballing of the kiln in the last half of 2023.

The company said “A total of 1000 hours were lost as a result of the unplanned breakdowns which in turn impacted negatively on both clinker, cement production and sales volumes and with it profits and cash generation.”


Philippines: OceanaGold Philippines (OGPI) is collaborating with Holcim Philippines to assess the feasibility of using mine tailings in cement production. Holcim will begin by acquiring tailing samples from OGPI for initial testing, aligning with its ‘circular economy’ program that integrates waste materials into cement. Both companies are committed to advancing the study, pending formal partnership arrangements and necessary permits.

OGPI President Joan Adaci-Cattiling said “We’re just waiting for the permit. Right now, we’ve found a way to put plan tailings to good use.”


Spain: Cement consumption in Spain grew by 0.3% in May 2024 to 1.36Mt, an increase of nearly 3600t compared to May 2023, as reported by the Cement Manufacturers' Association of Spain (Oficemen). Over the first five months of 2024, consumption fell by 3.4% to 6Mt, a decline of 0.21Mt from the same period in 2023. From June 2023 - May 2024, consumption dropped by 4.6% to 14.3Mt, nearly 700,000t less than the previous period.

Meanwhile, exports in May 2024 rose by 11.4% to 0.51Mt, nearly 52,000t more than in May 2023. However, cumulative exports for 2024 have decreased by 18.2% to 1.95Mt. Over the past 12 months, exports totalled 4.76Mt, a 14.7% decline, representing a year-on-year decline of over 800,000t.


The Gambia: The Gambia police force has withheld permission for the Cement Importers and Traders Association to march, citing security concerns due to the upcoming Tobaski festival. This incident marks the second denial of a permit for a peaceful protest by the association.

The Trade Ministry and Jah Oil are accused of perpetuating misinformation to justify a ‘significant’ increase in cement import duties, which has affected small-scale importers and led to increased cement prices across the country, according to The Point Newspaper. This policy has reportedly benefited large-scale importers while excluding smaller ones from importing from certain foreign markets. The association criticises the government's selective enforcement of import bans and duties, which they argue supports a monopolistic agenda favouring Jah Oil, despite widespread economic and consumer impacts.


Germany: Calix's subsidiary Leilac and Heidelberg Materials have formed a joint venture to build the Leilac-2 low emission cement demonstration plant at Heidelberg's Ennigerloh facility. Construction is set to begin in 2025, with the plant's commissioning scheduled for mid-2026. The Leilac-2 plant will showcase a module capable of capturing up to 100,000t/yr of CO₂ emissions from cement and lime production. Following construction and commissioning, Leilac-2 will be operated for up to three years to test the performance of the technology.

The project benefits from €16m in funding from the EU's Horizons 2020 programme and contributions from partner cement companies. Following construction, Heidelberg Materials may repay Leilac's capital contribution, and the partners will consider a full-scale commercial installation of Leilac technology at a Heidelberg plant. Plans for Leilac-3 envisage a significantly increased capture capacity, potentially capturing 0.5–1Mt/yr of CO₂.

Leilac CEO Daniel Rennie said "The formation of a joint venture with Heidelberg Materials for the Leilac-2 plant marks another important milestone for commercialisation of the Leilac technology. We look forward to continuing to collaborate with Heidelberg Materials to demonstrate and deploy cost-effective solutions to decarbonise cement production at commercial scale.”


India: Following the news of Adani’s multiple acquisition of cement companies, more details have come to light regarding the acquisition of Penna Cement. Adani-owned Ambuja Cement has signed an agreement to acquire Penna Cement Industries (PCIL) for US$1.2bn, aiming to reach a production capacity of 140Mt/yr by 2028. This acquisition adds 14Mt/yr to Adani Cement's total capacity, bringing it to 89Mt/yr, and expands Ambuja's market presence in southern India. The purchase will be fully funded through internal accruals.

Ambuja Cement CEO Ajay Kapur said "PCIL’s strategic location and sufficient limestone reserves provide an opportunity to increase cement capacity through debottlenecking and additional investment. Importantly, the bulk cement terminals will prove to be a game changer by giving access to the eastern and southern parts of peninsular India, apart from an entry to Sri Lanka, through the sea route."


UK: The UK cement industry has welcomed the government's proposal for a UK carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) but urged for its implementation by 2026 to align with the EU CBAM and avoid competitive disadvantages. The Mineral Products Association (MPA) and UK Concrete responded to the government’s consultation, highlighting the need to level the carbon-cost playing field between domestic production and imports, as well as to prevent high-emission cement imports from impacting the UK market. It emphasised the urgency of introducing CBAM in 2026 rather than the proposed 2027, to prevent import diversion from the EU.

The MPA is calling for accurate measurement and reporting of embodied emissions by importers, clear calculation of CBAM rates, improved transparency in UK trade data and strict enforcement procedures with high penalties for non-compliance.

MPA executive director for energy and climate change Diana Casey said "The UK has a great opportunity to accelerate the transition to net zero while securing domestic cement supply for priority construction like housing and infrastructure. A well-designed CBAM is vital to maintain the level playing field and ensuring competitiveness of domestic cement production while it continues its transition to net zero.’


Philippines: A new 7-hectare port and industrial complex, valued at over US$51m, is under construction in Lemery, Batangas. The complex includes the Sinisian Lemery Batangas port and industrial park, Lemery cement silo tank and Lemery oil terminal, with each component costing around US$17m.

The port will support Panamax-sized vessels with a draft depth of 15m, while the cement silo will hold 60,000t of bulk cement and slag. The project is expected to generate at least 200 jobs and help meet the country's fuel security needs amidst ongoing global supply chain disruptions.


Australia: CRH has won approval from Adbri shareholders to acquire 57% of the company for close to US$1.4bn. The deal was the result of a unanimous vote in favour on 12 June 2024.

Adbri’s lead independent director and chair of its independent board committee Samantha Hogg said “A combined CRH and Adbri will bring growth opportunities, new talent and innovation to continue to strengthen Adbri’s product offering in Australia.”


India: Adani Group is exploring potential acquisitions of several cement companies including Penna Cement, Saurashtra Cement, the cement business of Jaiprakash Associates and Vadraj Cement owned by ABG Shipyard. The group plans to invest US$3bn in these acquisitions to potentially surpass its rival, UltraTech Cement, within three to four years.

The group is ready to offer an enterprise value of US$85-120/t for these businesses, focusing on those with expansion potential, limestone mines and packing terminals. These acquisitions are part of a strategic push to leverage the ongoing government-driven infrastructure boom, which is expected to increase demand significantly.


Pakistan: The Economic Survey 2023-24, unveiled by Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb, reported that the capacity utilisation of Pakistan's cement industry fell to 54.6% in the first nine months of the 2024 financial year (July 2023 – April 2024), the lowest level recorded since data collection began in 2006. Despite an overall production capacity of 82.3Mt, the industry managed only 37.5Mt/yr in local dispatches and exports during the period.


India: Dalmia Cement (Bharat) will acquire a 19.2% stake in Amplus Kaveri Solar for US$1.94m. This transaction is subject to customary conditions and is expected to complete within eight to nine weeks.