November 2024

India: Cement sales in September 2011 showed signs of a revival with monsoon weather subsiding in most parts of the country. However the ongoing unrest over the creation of a new state in Telangana have affected the despatches of ACC. In addition UltraTech Cement, one of the biggest producers in the country, has not yet announced its figures for the month.

Cement demand from the real estate sector has improved with many builders putting their projects on fast track to keep up their promise of timely delivery during the festival season. But there are no substantial developments in the infrastructure sector even as some government projects have been announced.

Analysts warn that it's too early to predict a recovery in cement demand because there is no marked improvement in the economic health of the country along with continuing unstable global developments from the US and Eurozone. With concern over rising input costs and increases in lending rates still lingering, cement companies have kept their production in check in order to align with the demand.

Besides transportation interruptions, the Telangana disruption has paralysed power supplies. Big cement factories have captive power plants but smaller cement units have been badly affected. The supply of coal from Andhra Pradesh was also hit, pushing up the cost of power production for captive plants that had to rely to a large extent on imported coal shipments.

V Srinivasan, a research analyst at Angel Broking, said that cement companies are expected to face margin pressures due to higher fuel costs because of increased domestic and international coal prices. The demand revival has helped cement companies to raise prices across the country, yet despite the rise, cement producers' profitability may be under pressure due to increasing costs.

US: The US House of Representatives approved the Cement Sector Relief Act of 2011 (H.R. 2681) on 6 October 2011. The House voted 262-161 in favour of the bill, with 25 Democrats in support.

If the bill becomes law the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will be forced to repeal existing rules for toxic emissions from cement kilns and revise them. The bill would also give those facilities at least five additional years to comply.

The White House and top Senate Democrats strongly oppose the bill, but some Democrats in the Senate have supported delaying the cement regulations, leading supporters of the bill to be optimistic even though passage through the Senate appears unlikely.

Supporters of the bill say that the EPA has set emissions targets that will be difficult to achieve in practice and cause some cement manufacturers to close or scale down production during a recession. The Portland Cement Association stated that about 18 of 97 cement plants in the US would have to close as a result of the rules. By contrast the EPA said that 10 US cement-manufacturing facilities would have to be idled after the rule goes into effect in 2013, unless market conditions changed.

Several congressmen said during a debate on the bill that cement plants in their states could not meet the EPA requirements. "We want a regulation to be promulgated that you can actually achieve with real-world technology," said Texan Republican Representative Joe Barton.

Public-health groups and the EPA also argue that the bill directs the EPA to set standards that are less burdensome to the industry, limiting the agency's ability to impose tough rules if it believes they are necessary. The White House has said it strongly opposes the legislation and that US President Obama's advisers would recommend a veto.

New Zealand: Holcim has put plans to a build a new factory in Weston on hold until at least 2012.

The USD400m plant near Oamaru was to become the company's sole production facility in the region. Its creation was intended to create about 450 construction jobs and 120 permanent positions in the area. The decision to proceed with the factory had been expected in August 2011.

Holcim New Zealand's capital projects manager, Ken Cowie, stated that the company's Swiss headquarters had put the project on hold due to uncertainty created by the global economic downturn. "We realise that this creates ongoing uncertainty but we will continue to keep people informed," Cowie commented.

As reported by Global Cement on 5 July 2011 Holcim was seeking contractors to register interest in building the plant in July 2011. Plans to build the factory will now not be considered until late 2012.

Pakistan: Cement sales fell to their lowest level in Pakistan since September 2010 in August 2011 to 2.4Mt, down 18% month-on-month. This is the steepest month-on-month fall in sales since 2009.

The key contributors to the decline were heavy rainfall along with lesser working hours during Ramadan. Domestic demand stood at 1.6Mt, down 19% month-on-month. Exports slipped to 714,000t, down 14% month-on-month, hindered by logistical issues in Afghanistan.

However, the floods in 2010 have helped total sales in the 2011/12 fiscal year (which started on 1 July 2011). According to statistics from the All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association, sales by Pakistani firms rose by 7% to 5.23Mt in the first two months of the 2011/12 fiscal year from 4.91Mt in the 2010/11 fiscal year.

Analysts expect this monthly trend to reverse on the back of an improvement in weather conditions. Overall cement sales should reach 32.8Mt in the 2011-12 financial year, up 5% from 2010-11, mainly driven by increased domestic demand.

Mozambique: A new cement plant in the southern province of Maputo is scheduled to start construction in June 2012. Budgeted at USD78m, the project is being developed by the Chinese company Africa Great Wall Cement Manufacturer, according to the country's provincial director of Trade and Industry, Fanieta Manjate.

The factory will be built in Chichuo, near Magude, covering an area of 80 hectares. The plant will have the capacity to produce up to

500,000t/yr when it starts operating at the end of 2012 or early 2013. Initially the construction work had been scheduled to start in June 2011.

Manjate stated that the company is currently mobilising equipment and building houses to accommodate the staff who will be involved in developing the project. The Environmental Impact Study has already been approved and families living in the area are being relocated to make way for the development of the project.

The Magude plant becomes the third cement factory set up by Chinese investors in Mozambique. The first in Salamanga, Maputo province, is currently under construction at a cost of USD72m with an expected production capacity of 800,000t/yr. The second in Boane, GS Cement, has an investment of USD100m and it will have the capacity to produce 550,000t/yr. Along with domestic upgrade projects the country's cement production could jump from the current level of 1.3Mt/yr to reach 4Mt/yr by 2013.

India: ACC intends to substitute 5% of its annual coal requirement of about 5Mt over the next three years with waste generated by cities and other industries. The company aims to save USD12m in 2011 by burning waste, primarily plastics, at its plants. In 2010 the company saved USD9.6m on fossil fuels.

"We are currently working on disposal of city wastes. We are segregating the plastic wastes and then use it in our kiln. Plastic has higher calorific value than coal," said ACC Director (Energy and Environment) K N Rao at the 4th Global Initiative for Restructuring Environment and Management.

"We have replaced 2% of our coal requirement by burning all types of wastes. Our target is to replace 5% of our total coal requirement within the next three years," Rao said.

ACC has an installed production capacity of 30Mt/yr in India where it uses about 5Mt/yr of coal. The company is currently implementing two pilot projects on management of waste for use as fuel at Kullu, in Himachal Pradesh, and Katni, in Madhya Pradesh. Besides plastic, the company also burns other materials that it segregates from city and industrial wastes.

Meanwhile the company has also announced that cement shipments reached 1.73Mt in September 2011, a rise by 9.5% compared to the same month in 2010. Production rose to 1.67Mt in September 2011 from 1.52Mt in 2010.

Brazil: An antitrust investigation into alleged price-fixing by Holcim and others in Brazil has ended today. The company could face a fine of up to USD413m if the probe decides that Holcim's behaviour was uncompetitive.

Several cement makers are among the companies named by the Brazilian government's anti-cartel investigation arm (SDE) in an inquiry that began in 2005. According to the Brazilian government, the companies were given until 1 October 2011 to make their final submissions before the SDE gives its opinion to the Administrative Council of Economic Defense (CADE), which will makes a final ruling. The companies involved face fines of up to 30% of their Brazilian revenue if CADE decides they have been running a cartel.

"There is an investigation into the cement industry including Holcim, which started in 2005," said Holcim spokesman Peter Gysel. "This is an ongoing proceeding and we cannot comment further."

Cartel fines are normally limited to 30% of revenue from Brazil, but a recent case showed that repeat offences can draw penalties of up to 50%. In 2010 Brazil's antitrust regulator fined White Martins Gases Industraies USD1.3bn for forming a cartel with four other industrial gas companies. The amount was later reduced to USD0.95bn. Praxair expects to win two appeals to the case.

Holcim previously has been fined by the anti-cartel authorities in Brazil following an investigation that dates back to its activities in 2002. "In 2002, there was an investigation in the aggregates business where the company received a non-material fine," Holcim spokesman Gysel said.

Ian Osburn, analyst for ING Bank, said that if the investigation found against Holcim, the company could face fines of up to 50% of its 2009 revenue in Brazil, which he estimates was around USD820m. Penalties of half of that amount, or USD410m, would reduce the company's 2012 earnings before interest, tax and amortisation by around 15% Osburn said. "In the worse case scenario, the fine would be about 15% of Holcim's 2012 group operating profit. That's significant," he said.

Ethiopia: The Development Bank of Ethiopia (DBE) has approved a loan of USD90m for Habesha Cement. This represents 70% of the estimated USD120m that the company requires to build the first cement plant to be owned by an Ethiopian company.

Habesha Cement secured the first 30% by selling shares up until 2009 and from a USD79m deal with Northern Heavy Machinery Industries (NHI) Group in October 2010 for the provision of a turnkey cement plant. Habesha Cement was hoping to secure the rest from DBE in 2010.

However the devaluation the Ethiopian Birr by 20% in August 2010 prevented the loan being secured. The board was forced to recommend floating more shares at its second general assembly. Now Habesha Cement has raised a total of USD32m, which is still short by 8.4% of the 30% equity it needs to receive the loan.

"We are confident that we will raise the remaining funds as there are still lots of people asking to buy our shares," said Mesfin Abi, general manager of Habesha Cement. "Our worry was getting the 70% loan approved from the DBE."

The construction of the cement factory, which is to be located in Holeta, west of the capital in Oromia regional state, is to start once NHI is paid 10% (USD7.9m) of the agreed-upon amount, according to the agreement signed in 2010. The advance payment is to be paid in US dollars.

As Habesha Cement does not have access to foreign currency, it has to wait for DBE to grant it the loan so that the bank can make the payment in dollars on its behalf. Once the advance has been paid, NHI is expected to finish the construction of the factory within 20 months according to the agreement.

Habesha Cement expects to produce 85% and 95% in its first two years of production and 1.2Mt at full capacity in its third year, according to its prospectus. Once it starts to produce at full capacity, Habesha Cement will be the third largest producer of cement in Ethiopia next to Mugher Cement and Messebo Cement, which produce 1.9Mt/yr and 1.7Mt/yr respectively.

The total production of cement in the country is expected to reach 27Mt over the five years to 2016, according to the government's draft economic plan. There are currently 11 companies with a combined production of 5.4Mt/yr.

Mexico: Lorenzo Zambrano, the chairman and chief executive of Cemex, has announced that he expects the company to raise USD1bn from asset sales by the end of 2012. This is part of a continuing strategy to lower its debt, including USD180m in 2011.

In a webcast meeting with investors Zambrano said that the highly leveraged Cemex doesn't want to own assets that produce less than a 10% return on capital. "We will only sell assets that will improve our return on capital and help us to deliver our balance sheet," he stated.

Cemex's heavy debt load, USD18.4bn in total debt plus perpetual notes as of 30 June 2011, coupled with a slow recovery in key markets has contributed to investor pessimism that has knocked Cemex's share price down sharply. Zambrano added that Cemex hadn't anticipated the extent of the effects of the recession in the US, one of its largest markets along with Mexico, but that he expects Cemex's US operations to be profitable in 2012.

Oman: Oman Cement Company has obtained two loans totalling more than USD67m from BankMuscat to finance a series of upcoming modernisation projects.

The first loan of USD38m will be used to finance its kiln upgrade project and pollution control equipment improvements. The company announced in March 2011 that this would be carried out by two Chinese companies. The second loan of USD30m will pay off an existing loan of the same amount the company currently has with Bank Sohar. A statement released to the Muscat Securities Market (MSM) explains that these loans would 'hopefully reduce the cost of financing its projects.'

Outlining the reasons behind the loans the company's chief financial officer, Deepak Dikshit, stated that the loan to pay off the Bank Sohar loan will be paid back in semi-annual instalments over five years. Dikshit said that the loan for the modernisation works has a two-year moratorium and is also payable in semi-annual instalments over a period of 'effectively seven years.'

Anticipating completion by February 2012, the company will be employing CNBM International Engineering to carry out a USD30m contract to modernise the 29 year old plant, extending its life by another 25 years and increasing its capacity from 2000t/day to 2700t/day.

Oman Cement Company also signed a USD8.5m deal with Sino Environment Engineering Company to modernise the company's pollution control systems to ensure that emissions fall below 10mg/nm³, with work expected to be completed by the end of January 2012.

Indian firm ERCOM Consulting Engineers has been appointed the consultants to the projects.