Displaying items by tag: Results

The key trends to note from the financial results of cement producers in 2022 released so far are that sales revenues are up, sales volumes of cement are mostly down and earnings have mostly dropped too. Readers are not going to be surprised that 2022 was a tough year for business as the raw materials and services inflation coming out of the coronavirus period was heightened by energy cost spikes caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Producers put their prices up in response to deliver often record high annual revenues.

Graph 1: Sales revenue from selected cement producers in 2021 and 2022. Source: Company reports. Note: Figures calculated for UltraTech Cement.

What sticks out by looking at the sales volumes of cement figures in Graph 2 (below) is that Holcim’s cement sales volumes were about the same as Heidelberg Materials’ were in 2022, at around 120Mt. Remember, Holcim’s cement sales volumes were 200Mt in 2021 and 256Mt in 2015 at the time of the merger with Lafarge. Large divestments have followed with the sale to Adani Group of Holcim’s India-based companies in 2022 being one of the biggest. UltraTech Cement, meanwhile, has been steadily increasing its India-based cement production capacity.

Graph 2: Cement sales volumes from selected cement producers in 2021 and 2022. Source: Company reports. Note: Figures calculated for UltraTech Cement.

By company, Holcim’s diversification and regionalisation strategy appears to be paying off well. Reducing its exposure to the cement market is giving it a strong story to tell as it grows its light building materials division, frames this as a success in sustainability and moves out of developing markets. How well this will work if and when it ends the divestment and investment stage remains to be seen. One point to highlight is that its operating profit fell by 18% year-on-year on a like-for-like basis to US$3.43bn in 2022. As well as contending with high costs in 2022, a subsidiary connected to the group was fined US$778m by the US Department of Justice in late 2022.

Heidelberg Materials’ approach to the current economic conditions in 2022 seems to have been to keep its head down and push on for decarbonisation rather than diversifying its business. So it followed the ‘sales up, costs up but earnings down’ pattern of a few of the other cement companies covered here. Although, that said, it did diversify its name to ‘Materials’ from ‘Cement’ in September 2022.

Cemex experienced the same problems as the other companies for most of 2022 but conditions started to improve in the fourth quarter in most of its territories. In particular, it reported that earnings started to grow in Mexico towards the end of 2022 despite falling sales volumes of cement. It attributed this to its pricing strategy. Of note this week, the Mexican government is preparing to support higher levels of imports of cement into the country due to a shortage in the southeast of the country.

Buzzi Unicem, meanwhile, noticed a faster slowdown in cement deliveries in its key markets in Italy, the US and Eastern Europe in the last quarter of 2022 from a general trend that could also be seen earlier in the year. In its largest market, the US, it reported that investment in residential construction slowed. This was further affected by the growing cost of building materials and the rate of inflation, although increasing spending on infrastructure helped to keep domestic consumption stable. A favourable currency exchange rate between the US and the Euro also helped the company to report provisional earnings growth. Vicat’s US businesses in the US and Brazil helped cushion the group somewhat with a large rise in sales revenue. However, earnings in the US were hit by the costs related to the start up of the new kiln at the Ragland plant in Alabama, as well as general energy cost inflation. Its business in France fought against inflation with ‘significant’ price rises delivering a high increase in sales revenue but this was insufficient to prevent earnings from dropping.

The non-European based cement producers present a different picture. Despite the high energy costs, UltraTech Cement managed to increase its revenue and sales volumes of cement in 2022. Its net profit fell though year-on-year in the nine months to 31 December 2022. The company is targeting a cement production capacity of 159Mt/yr by around the 2025 financial year with the aim of becoming the largest cement producing company in the world outside of China. Dangote Cement managed to raise its prices at home in Nigeria to fight off inflation and hold revenue and earnings up. This was harder internationally though with supply chain disruption, high commodity prices, high freight rates and a plant shutdown in Congo blamed for holding earnings back.

Inflation and the energy markets will be clear concerns in 2023. If energy prices for industry stabilise globally then there is more of a chance for business as usual as markets cope better with higher costs. The continued dilemma for multinational cement companies remains whether to decarbonise through diversification or investment in new processes, and how far to go along either path. Meanwhile, the large regional producers are starting to show themselves outside of China, as UltraTech Cement’s growth trajectory testifies. One test for these companies is balancing the risk of expansion versus potential tighter local environmental regulations. The environmental rules of export markets are also a factor to consider here with the head of AdBri calling this week for an Australian equivalent to the European Union’s border adjustment mechanism to block so-called ‘dirty’ imports.

The next set of financial results from the cement sector in 2022 to look out for will be those from the large China-based cement producers. Once these are released we will examine them in more detail.

Australia: Adbri reported a full-year rise in sales of 8.5% year-on-year to US$1.15bn in 2022 from US$1.06bn in 2021. Its earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) fell to US$106m, down by 10% from US$118m. The producer said that its cement sales rose by 6.3% year-on-year. Demand remained ‘solid’ in Western Australia, while sales dropped in Southern Australia, partly due to wet weather and the loss of an exclusive supply contract. Adbri noted that “The backlog of residential construction works, attributed to the shortage of trades and wet weather in 2022, will continue to underpin good order books in 2023.”

The group said “The past year has been one of the most challenging for the company in its long history. Our results were delivered against the backdrop of a difficult macroeconomic environment, which included the global economic instability resulting in inflationary pressures and wet weather events across Australia. The company also underwent a substantial leadership transition in the latter part of the year, with the former managing director and chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer stepping down from active duties as the company accelerates its transformational agenda.”

In 2022, Adbri achieved a 12% reduction in operational CO₂ emissions compared to 2019. Chief executive officer Mark Irwin called on the national government and state governments to embed CO₂ emissions reduction targets in legislation, and on the former to implement a carbon border adjustment mechanism on imported cement. Irwin noted that failure to implement such measures may lead lower-emitting plants such as the Birkenhead, South Australia, cement plant to transition to grinding imported clinker or consider closure.

UK: Langley Holdings, owner of Claudius Peters, recorded consolidated sales of Euro1.17bn during 2022, up by 40% year-on-year from Euro815m in 2021. The group ended the year with an order backlog worth Euro900m. Its Other Industrials division, which includes Germany-based Claudius Peters, recorded sales of Euro277m, up by 11% from Euro250m. Langley Holdings said that, due to the length of its lead times, Claudius Peters’ profitability was especially impacted by costs rises in its delivery on existing contracts in 2022.

Chair Anthony Langley said “Hopefully management will make progress with tangible improvements to the plant machinery business: restructuring is not the preferred option, but, either way, I do expect a better result this year.”

Nigeria: Dangote Cement recorded sales of US$3.49bn in 2022, up by 17% year-on-year from US$3.05bn in 2021. The producer's cement sales volumes fell by 5.1% year-on-year to 27.8Mt from 29.3Mt. Its selling and distribution costs rose by over 50% to US$643m, yet profit after tax also rose, by 4.9% to US$833m.

The Premium Times newspaper has reported that the producer invested US$543m in is subsidiaries throughout the year. The group said that most of this investment took place outside of Nigeria.

Nigeria: BUA Cement's gross earnings rose by 31% year-on-year to US$1.29bn in 2022 from US$981m in 2021. Meanwhile, the producer's net profit rose by 2.2% year-on-year to US$193m. The group said that increased bagged cement sales volumes offset the impacts of inflation and currency effects. BUA Cement's full-year finance costs were US$23m, up by a factor of six year-on-year.

Spain: Cementos Molins' sales were Euro1.27bn in 2022, up by 31% year-on-year from 2021 levels. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) were Euro276m, up by 14% over the same comparison period. The producer noted significant earnings contributions from its South American and Asian business, as well as from new acquisitions during the year. Its implementation of its operational efficiency plan and price rises successfully offset inflationary pressures. Throughout the year, the group's debt dropped by 18% to Euro145m.

Cementos Molins CEO Julio Rodríguez said "We have achieved record sales and profits in a very complex year with a constantly changing environment; despite this, once again we have been able to confirm the strength of our business model by achieving the objectives of the strategic plan 2020-2023 one year ahead. I would like to highlight that these results are the consequence of the contribution and talent of the Cementos Molins team worldwide and imply a boost of energy to continue working on the priority objective: our 2030 Sustainability Roadmap.”

Ireland: CRH expects to record increased earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) and profit before tax in its 2022 results. The producer has predicted an EBITDA of US$5.5bn, up by 10% year-on-year from US$5bn in 2021. This would entail a 0.8% year-on-year decline in its fourth-quarter EBITDA in the year. The producer also expects its profit after tax to rise by comparison to its 2021 figure of US$3.1bn.

CRH said that its projection “captures the impact of bad weather, higher energy costs in Europe, the risk of destocking in the building products chain and all this against tough comparisons from 2021.”

Pakistan: Fauji Cement recorded sales of US$406m during the first half of its 2023 financial year, up by 33% year-on-year from US$306m in the first half of the 2022 financial year. The producer's profit was US$61.3m, up by 34% from US$45.7m. During the half, the company's selling and distribution expenses fell by 1.4%, its administrative expenses rose by 8% and its other expenses rose by 12%.

Denmark: FLSmidth's cement business recorded 29% year-on-year sales growth to US$2.14bn in 2022, from US$1.66bn in 2021. The business' earnings before interest, taxation and amortisation (EBITA) totaled US$28.9m, compared to negative earnings of US$2.7m in 2021. During the year, its Americas region contributed 34% of sales, its Europe, North Africa and Russia region (subsequently Europe and North Africa) 26%, its Sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East and South Asia region 25% and its Asia-Pacific region 15%. Overall, FLSmidth's sales rose by 24%, while its EBITA fell by 8%, year-on-year.

The supplier said "Overall, our cement service showed strong performance throughout the year. In some countries, we did however start to see the first cases of budget constraints imposed to counter the increasing energy costs."

Looking forward to 2023's anticipated result, it noted a 'healthy' order pipeline, but an anticipated slow-down in producers' decision making. This is due to concerns related to energy volatility continuing the wake of the outbreak of war in Ukraine. FLSmidth concluded "The short-term outlook for the cement industry remains impacted by overcapacity, and the potential recession is expected to impact market demand negatively over the coming period."

Austria: RHI Magnesita reported revenues of Euro3.3bn throughout 2022, up by 30% year-on-year from 2021 levels. The refractories supplier's raw materials and shipping costs rose, but it was able to offset the rise by increasing its prices. The company said that this generated Euro600m in additional revenues, enabling it to maintain profitability 'through a challenging economic cycle.' It noted global volatility and uncertainty, which it expects to continue into 2023, for which it forecast a full-year drop in global cement demand. It expects 'strong growth' in India to offset any resulting decline in its sales in other markets.

RHI Magnesita CEO Stefan Borgas said "I am pleased to report growing progress on our mergers and acquisitions strategy, with acquisitions in India, China, Türkiye and Europe agreed or completed during the year. Whilst the outlook for 2023 is more uncertain than prior years due to slowing demand for refractories and softer pricing in certain regions, RHI Magnesita is able to face these challenges in a much stronger condition as a result of the implementation of its strategic cost savings and sales strategies over the past four years."