September 2024
Global Cement exhibits at the 13th TCMB International Technical Seminar and Exhibition in Antalya 08 October 2015
Turkey: Global Cement Magazine is exhibiting at the 13th TCMB International Technical Seminar and Exhibition at the Gloria Golf Resort Hotel in Antalya, Turkey on 7-10 October 2015. Around 510 delegates looking to learn about the latest technical innovations and new products and services will visit the event, which is sponsored by ABB Group.
Picture: Fatzunnahar Ngopil of Fosroc, Asia, visits the Global Cement stand to talk with Paul Brown, Commercial Director of Global Cement.
Cement for the long term 07 October 2015
We report on development from Japan this week with the creation of a low-alkali cement for use at nuclear waste sites. Professor Katsuyoshi Kondo, Joining and Welding Research Institute at Osaka University, and Nippon Steel & Sumikin Cement Co have prepared a process that mixes silica dioxide extracted from rice chaff with cement.
As press reports explain, the team has developed technology to extract highly purified silica with numerous holes measuring 5 – 7nm in diameter by washing rice chaff with organic acid and burning it. The surface area of the silica extracted from rice chaff is 50,000 - 90,000 times larger than that contained in existing cements, enhancing the reaction between silica and calcium hydroxide and thus lowering the alkaline level.
The stated application for this new research is for underground nuclear waste disposal sites. At these locations extremely high durability is required for long periods of time, potentially for tens of thousands of years.
Normally the concern with alkali-silica reactivity is between alkali in the cement and a sensitive aggregate over a shorter time period. Under high moisture and high alkali content the resulting concrete can crack leading to reduced-performance. However, the issue with nuclear waste storage is that it has to be stored underground and for long periods of time. This means that the cement can potentially react with groundwater producing calcium hydroxide making the groundwater alkaline. This can then react with aggregates in the clay and bedrock at the storage site. Clearly this is undesirable for a long-term storage site of hazardous materials.
In the wake of the Fukushima disaster, this kind of development will be of high interest in Japan. It will also have applications around the world wherever radioactive waste sites are built.
One example of the demanding construction conditions facing builders in these environments is the original sarcophagus used to encase the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant reactor in 1986. Building it used more than 7,000t of steel and 410,000m3 of concrete. Erected in a hurry under horrendous conditions, the container was never sealed properly and the structure was only given a design lifespan of 20 to 30 years. Currently a replacement, New Safe Confinement, is being built at a projected cost of Euro2bn for completion in 2017. The structure will be up to 100m tall and 165m long with a lifetime of at least 100 years.
One of the issues raised in the documentary film 'Into Eternity' is what exactly should one daub on the entrance to a long-term waste dump? Given that the Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository in Finland is planning to stay sealed for 100,000 years, how should its planners communicate to people, who potentially rediscover it in the future, that they should stay away? One suggestion quoted here is to put Edvard Munch's The Scream on the door. However, we have difficulty today in reading and interpreting Ancient Egyptian writing and art from 5000 years ago. What this means for any of our descendants unlucky enough to stumble upon a buried nuclear waste site is anyone's guess. At the very least though using a low-alkali cement that will last as long as possible is a good start.
PPC gains naming rights for Newlands Cricket Ground 07 October 2015
South Africa: Cement producer PPC has been named as the new naming sponsor for the Newlands Cricket Ground in Cape Town, Western Province. "We want to cement this relationship," said PPC chief executive Darryll Castle on 6 October 2015 at the stadium.
Although an obvious play on words, Castle could not contain his excitement as it was made official that the ground will now be known as 'PPC Newlands.' "We're exceptionally proud to be creating a new moment in history for these two champion brands and are looking forward to adding real value to the sport, the community and, ultimately, the country through this new legacy partnership with the Western Province Cricket Association," he added.
The first international action at the PPC Newlands stadium will see South Africa take on England in the New Year's Test against England in January 2016.
Cement production creeps up in Poland 07 October 2015
Poland: Cement production in Poland increased by 1.3% year-on-year to to 1.58Mt in September 2015, while sales edged up by 0.1% to 1.66Mt, according to Poland's Cement Producer Association. In the first nine months of 2015, production grew by 1.4% year-on-year to 11.9Mt and sales were up by 1.8% to 12.2Mt.
Cementos Andino counts cost of Haitian overland import ban 07 October 2015
Dominican Republic/Haiti: Cementos Andino, based in the Dominican Republic, has reported that it will register extra costs of US$44,189/month due to a Haitian ban on cement entering the country overland. Nelson Bello, president of Cementos Andino, explained that maritime transport will increase costs, due to unloading and handling services at ports, among other activities.
Cementos Andino exported 458,818t of cement between 2006 and August 2015, generating US$48.4m. Panama and Haiti were the main destinations.
Pakistan producers see double digit profit growth 07 October 2015
Pakistan: Listed cement producers in Pakistan continued to deliver double digit profitability growth in the 2015 fiscal year, which ended on 30 June 2015. Their collective profits grew by 13% year-on-year to US$446m, with the improvement in profits caused by volume growth and lower energy costs.
Local cement demand remained strong, rising by 8.2% to 28.3Mt. This was due to higher public and private sector. The growth in profits was also supported by declining financial charges and falling selling and distribution expenses.
However, not all results were encouraging. Exports fell by 11.7% year-on-year to 7.2Mt due to weak demand from the Afghan market coupled with anti-dumping duty imposed by South Africa on Pakistani cement manufacturers.
Total industry dispatches are expected to grow by 8.8% to 38.6Mt in the fiscal year to 30 June 2016, primarily due to strong local demand expected from higher infrastructure spending and mega-projects including the China Pakistan Economic Corridor.
Analysts expect that manufacturing costs for the coming fiscal year will remain 'benign' for the industry and will be led by lower energy costs. Lower electricity charges and shift to more efficient sources like waste heat recovery will lead to further decrease in power and fuel costs for manufacturers. Moreover, imported coal prices are expected to remain at lower levels, owing to slowdown in China's growth, which will further drive up margins of cement manufacturers.
Cement consumption up in Vietnam but exports fall 07 October 2015
Vietnam: Consumption of cement in Vietnam between 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2015 rose by 3% year-on-year to 52.1Mt compared to the same period of 2014, according to the Ministry of Construction. The ministry's Building Material Department said 40.3Mt of cement were sold on the domestic market, a year-on-year increase of 8%, while export volumes fell by 12% to 11.9Mt.
Despite the rise in the first nine months, cement consumption in September 2015 fell by 9% to 5.4Mt. 4.3Mt went to the domestic market, 11% less than in August 2015. The reduction in total consumption volume of cement in September 2015 was stated to be due to the impact of the rains and the 'ghost month' when people often avoid starting construction projects.
Experts expect cement consumption on the domestic market to be better by the year-end when the construction season begins. However, the cement industry will find it difficult to export cement by the year-end because other cement exporters in the region are set to increase their volumes.
Le Van Toi, Head of the Building Material Department, said that the enterprises should promote domestic consumption of cement and then improve competitive ability of cement products for exports.
Dangote Cement appoints two new regional CEOs 07 October 2015
Nigeria: Dangote Cement has appointed two new Regional Chief Executive Officers (RCEOs). Arvind Pathak has been appointed as the new regional Chief Executive Officer of Nigeria and Vivek Chawla will serve as the new Regional CEO for West and Central Africa. Chawla was appointed on 17 August 2015.
Chawla has over 30 years of experience working in the cement industry. Previous to working for Dangote he was the President of Hindalco Industries, part of the Aditya Birla Group. Chawla also worked as Chief Executive Officer, East Region of ACC Limited.
Limak Holding starts work on cement plant in Mozambique 06 October 2015
Mozambique: Limak Holding has started the construction of its 2Mt/yr cement plant in Maputo. The plant is scheduled to come into operation in the first quarter of 2016.
Serdar Bacaksız, a Limak Holding board member, said that the company has been closely monitoring the African market for a long time and might increase its investment by up to US$150m if needed. Underlining that Mozambique falls short of satisfying the rapidly-increasing demand for cement, Bacaksız said that the country offers major incentives to foreign investors, as it needs new investments in all fields.
Limak Holding is also set to lay the foundations of a cement plant on the Ivory Coast in November 2015 with an investment of US$55m. "We plan to open it in 2016," said Bacaksız, adding that the company will continue to seize different opportunities in the region. Limak Holding aims to achieve a turnover of US$3bn by the end of 2015.
Japan: Osaka University and a cement company in Hokkaido have co-developed a low-alkaline cement that uses rice chaff to strengthen the durability of final nuclear waste disposal sites, according to Kyodo News.
The cement is essential for the construction of final nuclear waste disposal facilities that need a durability of up to 100,000 years to prevent harm from radioactive materials. In such repositories, nuclear waste is solidified with glass and placed in metallic containers before being covered with clay and buried underground. If normal cements are used underground, they react with groundwater to produce calcium hydroxide, making the groundwater highly alkaline. This causes cracks and deterioration in the clay and bedrock at the facility.
To lower the alkaline levels in cement, professor at Osaka University's Joining and Welding Research Institute, Katsuyoshi Kondo, and Nippon Steel & Sumikin Cement Co mixed silica dioxide extracted from rice chaff with cement. The silica reacts with calcium hydroxide and weakens alkaline.
The team has developed technology to extract highly purified silica with numerous holes measuring 5 – 7nm in diameter by washing rice chaff with organic acid and burning it. The surface area of the silica extracted from rice chaff is 50,000 - 90,000 times larger than that contained in existing cements, enhancing the reaction between silica and calcium hydroxide and thus lowering the alkaline level.
Japan is looking for a place to build a final repository for the highly-radioactive nuclear waste generated from power plants. In Finland, a disposal site for high-level radioactive waste is already under construction. "We aim to utilise the low-alkaline cement at facilities abroad after repeated tests to verify its performance," said a Nippon Steel & Sumikin Cement official.