Global Cement News

Nigeria: This week has seen a major development in the Nigerian cement industry, with a call from domestic manufacturers to ban cement imports, three months ahead of the government's schedule for the ban. The call has been presented in some quarters as proof that the country, long blighted by high cement imports, has achieved President Goodluck Jonathan's bold target of making Nigeria a net exporter of cement before 2013. In the face of steadily diminishing oil revenues the government would like Nigeria to be known as the regional cement exporter, but what else might happen?

According to the Cement Manufacturers' Association of Nigeria (CMAN), the country's total cement capacity now stands at 22.5Mt/yr. Domestic consumption is estimated at 18.5Mt/yr, translating into a required capacity utilisation rate of 82%. It is bizarre, therefore, that cement producers feel the need to call for an import ban. Perhaps:

a) The producers know that they can't compete with the low cost of imports from outside Nigeria,

b) The producers want to recoup their plant investment costs as quickly as possible,

c) The producers know that they can't export if the country continues to import.

With notoriously poor transport links within Nigeria, option c may be a small factor. If road and rail links are poor, transport costs increase and exports become less desirable for both the supplier and the end-user. What is more likely however, is a combination of a and b. Producers need to recoup their investments but can't if China and India can undercut them from thousands of miles away. If the desire to recoup investments goes unchecked when the import ban comes in, there is a high potential for cartel-like behaviour to surface again in the country.

One does not have to look back far to the last major incident of apparent cement market cartelisation in Nigeria. In mid-2011 President Jonathan had to step in and personally call for a 25% price reduction. His target was hit within three months, but since then prices have slowly started to rise again, even with Dangote's Ibese 6Mt/yr plant coming online just three months ago! With four producers committed to setting up a 3Mt/yr plant each by 2015 in exchange for 2011 import licences, the supply of cement in Nigeria will continue to rise, making the temptation to collaborate even stronger.

India: Madras Cements has promoted its executive director for finance, A V Dharmakrishnan, to chief executive officer.

"A V Dharmakrishnan has been designated as chief executive officer of the company with effect from 1 April 2012," the Chennai-based cement maker said in a BSE filing.

Dharmakrishnan is a chartered accountant who began his career with Madras Cements in 1982. He has been an additional director at Rajapalayam Mills and Ramco Systems since 2008 and serves as a director On-Time Transport Company Limited. In addition he is a member of Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

Madras Cements is the flagship company of the diversified Ramco Group and it produces 13Mt/yr at its five manufacturing plants across Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Apart from cement, Ramco Group has presence in real estate, paper production, hardware and stainless steel.

Russia: Alexei Gordeev, governor of the Voronezh Region, has met with Mikhail Skorokhod, president of Eurocement, to discuss the ongoing construction of a new plant.

Skorokhod noted during the meeting that construction of the plant was in its final stage, with an expected completion date of construction in May 2012. The plant will have a clinker capacity of 6000t/day (2Mt/yr) and occupy an area of 33.4 hectares. By July 2012 the company expects production of the first tonne of cement. By August 2012 landscaping will be completed. In 2012 the new plant is expected to produce 0.5Mt, with full capacity met by 2014.

Gordeev and Skorokhod also discussed development of local transport infrastructure, including the reconstruction of the railway station. Eurocement offered to fund design works for the construction of an overpass and an adjacent road whilst the governor raised the possibility of including the cost of improving transport infrastructure in the region in the regional budget.

Nigeria: Cement producers in Nigeria have called on the Federal Government to ban bulk cement imports before the August 2012 deadline set by the government, claiming that the volume of cement currently produced in the country is enough to meet local demand.

"The government should enforce the ban before the August deadline," said Daljeet Ghai, Group Chief Executive at Dangote Cement. "Dangote alone has the capacity needed to meet local demand and sustain supply of the commodity across the nation."

The current production data from the various plants in the country, obtained from Cement Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (CMAN) show that the country's total cement production capacity is now at 22.5Mt/yr while the country's cement consumption is 18.5Mt/yr.

Dangote alone currently accounts for 15Mt/yr while Lafarge Wapco Cement contributes 7.5Mt/yr. Unicem produces 2.5Mt/yr and Ava Cement produces 0.5Mt/yr.

Citing the example of the company's Ibese cement plant as basis for confidence in the ability of local manufacturers to meet domestic demand and still be able to export, Dangote's Ghai said, "The Ibese plant is grinding 0.48Mt/month, while daily production is 16,000t/day at 2400t/hr (6Mt/yr). It started with production of 12,000t/day in February 2012, but barely two months later, production moved up to 16,000t/day, it's full installed capacity."

Vijay Khana, Deputy Director of operations at Ibese Cement added that on a daily basis, the company supplies the market with more than 200,000 bags of cement.

Nigeria's second largest cement producer, Lafarge Cement Wapco, said that it is ready for the import ban. "For sure, I see a ban on cement imports happening," said Lanre Opakunle, Plant Manager at Ewekoro Cement Plant II. "The best thing for Nigeria is for us to manufacture cement here. If we manufacture it here, we create jobs here and we save the economy in terms of foreign exchange."

The CEO and President of Dangote Cement, Aliko Dangote, has said that the company will hold a 'cement import closing ceremony' whenever the ban is introduced.

Kenya: Mark ole Karbolo has been reinstated as the Chairman of East African Portland Cement Company (EAPCC), two months after President Mwai Kibaki appointed Isaac ole Mapenay to replace him.

High Court Judge Mohammed Warsame ruled that the government did not follow procedure in ejecting Karbolo from EAPCC. Karbolo moved to court immediately when he was fired to challenge his sacking by the president in an announcement published on 10 February 2012.

Karbolo argued before Justice Warsame that there had been concerted effort by the government to remove him from the board without following the law. Karbolo had been dogged by allegations of mismanagement and malpractice that saw him and the entire board suspended by acting Industrialisation Minister Amason Kingi.

The directors had challenged their suspension and were reinstated by the courts. The High Court decision now sets the stage for yet another round of court room battles pitting the Judiciary against the Executive.