Displaying items by tag: CNBM

It won’t be a surprise to most readers that the Chinese cement industry continued to struggle in the first half of 2024. The China Cement Association (CCA) summarised the situation as a "continuous decline in demand, low price fluctuations and continuous losses in the industry." Cement output fell year-on-year and four of the six large cement companies featured in this article reported falls in revenue. The CCA estimated that the sector as a whole lost about US$140m in the first half of the year.

Graph 1: Cement output in China, 2019 to first half of 2024. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China shows that cement output fell by 13% to 855Mt in the first half of 2024 from 980Mt in the same period in 2023. That’s a fall of more than 100Mt and around the annual cement production capacity of the US! Analysis by the CCA reckons that the first half of 2024 saw the lowest cement production since 2011. It blamed the situation on the failure of the real estate market to stabilise and a slowdown in infrastructure investment. Geographically the areas with the biggest declines were the Northeast, Northwest and Central and South regions. Those provinces with the smallest declines were Tibet, Jiangsu, Yunnan and Hebei. However, the CCA was keen to point out that staggered production, through initiatives such as peak shifting, took place in the second quarter of 2024, the producers’ cement inventory fell and cement prices rallied somewhat in June 2024.

Graph 2: Sales revenue from selected Chinese cement producers. Source: Company financial reports. Note: For CNBM Basic building materials segment revenue shown only.

CNBM says that it is the largest cement producer in the world. However, Anhui Conch appears to have sold more cement and clinker than CNBM did… in the first half of 2024 at least. Anhui Conch sold 126Mt of cement and clinker, a drop of 3% year-on-year, compared to 114Mt by CNBM, a drop of 20%. Anhui Conch’s sales revenue and net profit fell by 30% to US$6.4bn and 48% to US$490m respectively. The sales revenue from CNBM’s Basic Building Materials segment, its division that manufactures cement, deceased by 31% to US$5.73bn. Tangshan Jidong and CRC reported similar situations to their larger peers with declines in revenue and profit.

Huaxin Cement and Taiwan Cement both managed to raise revenue, but this was mostly due to their businesses outside of China. Huaxin Cement increased its operating income by 3% to US$2.3bn, with sales volumes of cement falling at home but growing abroad. Indeed, its domestic operating income fell by 32% to US$716m, a similar rate of decline to the other companies featured here. By comparison, the operating income from its overseas cement business rose by 55% to US$502m. Combined with a boost in aggregate sales volumes, this helped to stabilise the company’s financial performance. Taiwan Cement, meanwhile, completed its acquisition of Cimpor Portugal in March 2024 giving it a majority stake in OYAK’s cement business in Türkiye. Subsequently, its revenue in the second quarter of 2024 shot up year-on-year.

CNBM hit the nail on the head in its half-year report when it said: “The overcapacity has not been fundamentally resolved.” China is a big country with lots of regional variation but when cement plants stopped manufacturing cement in the second quarter of 2024 the price improved. Funny that should happen! The government is slowly making adjustments to the real estate market and other mechanisms, including the China national emissions trading system, are due to be applied to cement plants soon. Yet, until that overcapacity is addressed or unless some market fundamentals change then expect to see more of the same in China in the near future.

China: The sales revenue from CNBM’s cement manufacturing division fell by 31% year-on-year to US$5.70bn in the first half of 2024 from US$8.25bn in the same period in 2023. The group blamed the decline on falling sales volumes of cement and aggregates and decreasing prices of heavy building materials. Its Basic Building Materials segment reported an operating loss of US$261m from an operating profit of US$348m previously. The division sold 114Mt of cement and clinker, a fall of 20% from 142Mt.

In its interim report the group said that its Basic Building Materials segment had been “…affected by a combination of factors, such as the in-depth adjustment of the real estate and funding constraints for infrastructure projects.” Subsequently the cement industry had faced low demand and prices. It added that market overcapacity had not been resolved.

Overall the group’s revenue and gross profit fell by 19% to US$11.7bn and by 25% to US$1.86bn respectively. However, income from its Engineering Technology Services segment rose by 2% to US$2.89bn. This division includes cement plant and equipment supplier Sinoma International. The group noted that global engineering and construction demand remained stable in the first half of 2024.

Libya: Al-Ahlia Cement Company has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with China National Building Material (CNBM) subsidiary Sinoma CDI to collaborate on the construction of a new 6600t/day production line at its Lebda Cement Factory in Tripolitania. The expansion is expected to more than triple the Lebda cement plant’s capacity to 3.4Mt/yr.

China: China National Building Materials (CNBM) expects to report an unaudited loss of approximately US$275m for the first half of 2024, a significant downturn from a net profit of US$192.5m in the same period in 2023.

CNBM has attributed the anticipated loss to decreased selling prices and reduced sales volumes for key construction materials such as cement.

China: Beijing-based China National Building Material (CNBM) anticipates its first-quarter losses to increase by more than 50% to US$180m, up from US$72.6m in 2023. The company attributes the increased losses to lower selling prices for its key products, worsening performance of associates, and higher currency losses, despite a decrease in cost of sales. Following a meeting with CNBM, Citi analysts reported a 10% year-on-year fall in demand for the cement sector in the first quarter of 2024, with a forecasted full-year decline of 3%-5%.

We turn to look at the Chinese cement sector now that the larger China-based cement producers have released their financial results for 2023. In summary, national output of cement has continued to fall and many of the bigger companies are reporting weakening sales and profits. Yet this trend appears to be slowing, with a few of the producers managing to grow revenue, profits and sales volumes.

Graph 1: Cement output in China, 2018 to 2023. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China shows that cement output fell by 4.5% year-on-year from 2.11Bnt in 2022 to 2.02Bnt in 2023. This is a slower rate of decline than the 10.4% drop reported between 2021 and 2022. However, it is worth noting that the rate of decrease in output on a half-year basis fell strongly in the first half of 2023 but remained similar in the second half of the year. In its commentary, the China Cement Association (CCA) said that the country’s real estate development investment fell by 10% year-on-year to US$1.53tn.

Graph 2: Sales revenue from selected Chinese cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Graph 3: Sales volumes of cement and clinker from selected Chinese cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Unlike in 2022 the two graphs above show that not every cement producer has lost revenue or sales volumes of cement in 2023. CNBM chair Zhou Yuxian used the phrase ‘storms and challenges’ to describe the situation faced by the world’s largest cement company. He left president Wei Rushan to deliver the bad news that the cement industry as a whole faced “insufficient demand, weakening expectations and weakening off-peak season characteristics” along with surpluses and high costs. He said that the cement sector in China saw its profit fall by 50% to US$4.42bn in 2023, its lowest figure since the mid-2000s.

In comparison CNBM Group’s revenue fell by 10% year-on-year to US$29bn and profit by 52% to US$534m. This was principally due to losses from the group’s basic building materials division, the section that makes heavy building materials, including cement. Alongside this, it pushed on with its supply-side structural reforms, implemented staggered peak production and worked on sustainability initiatives. These included preparations for the national carbon emissions trading scheme. Anhui Conch’s results showed that it managed to increase its revenue but its sales volumes of cement dropped and its profits fell by 33% to US$1.48bn. It achieved the boost in revenue by growing its trading business.

Of the smaller companies covered here, only Huaxin Cement managed to grow its revenue in 2023. It appeared to pull this off by growing its concrete and aggregate business domestically whilst growing the business overseas at the same time. The share of its international business grew to 16% in 2023 from 13% in 2022. Major overseas acquisitions in 2023 included Oman Cement and InterCement’s subsidiaries in Mozambique and South Africa. More recently Huaxin Cement has also been reported by local media as the preferential bidder for InterCement’s business in Brazil, although no formal announcement has been made. Of the rest, Tangshan Jidong Cement, CRBMT and China Tianrui all reported declines in sales revenue and profits. Tangshan Jidong Cement did manage to grow its cement sales volumes, but reported heightened competition in the north and north-east of China where most of its plants are located.

With the first quarter results for 2024 on the way soon, the CCA has been bracing itself and the sector for more bad news. It noted that national cement prices during the last week of March 2024 were about 1% lower than during the same week in 2023. Prices were lower in East, Central and South China, although they had increased in Chengdu and Sichuan. The CCA is worried that a price war, either nationally or regionally, will make a bad situation worse. It has called on cement producers to accept that the slowdown of infrastructure development in the country has led to a decline in cement demand and that this is the new normal. Apart from the usual watchwords of ‘self-discipline,’ ‘overcapacity reduction’ and ‘supply-side reforms’ the association has suggested that cement companies look for growth internationally and look to the leadership of associations to help everyone adapt to the new market situation. China’s sales output of cement may be starting to stabilise, but the market has a way to go yet to adapt to the new reality.

China: Poor performance by CNBM’s Basic Building Materials division dragged down the group’s sales in 2023 despite positive performance by the group’s Engineering Technical Services and New Materials segments. Its revenue fell by 10% year-on-year to US$29.1bn in 2023 from US$32.3bn in 2022. Its profit after tax dropped by 33% to US$1.44bn from US$2.13bn. Sales volumes of cement and clinker decreased by 3% to 309Mt from 317Mt. Sales volumes of commercial concrete fell by 5% to 80.8Mm³ from 84.7Mm³.

Revenue for the Basic Building Materials division fell by 19% to US$16.4bn. The company blamed this on a fall in the price of cement, concrete and aggregates although an increase in sales volume of aggregates was noted. The group said that in 2023, the cement industry was characterised by ‘insufficient demand, weakening expectations and weakening off-peak season characteristics,’ coupled with and aggravating surplus and high costs.

China: China National Building Material (CNBM) expects to record a 65% year-on-year drop in its profit in 2023. This would correspond to a figure of US$393m, against a reported profit after tax of US$1.12bn in 2022. Reuters has reported that CNBM partly attributed the anticipated drop to low cement prices and changes in the fair value of its assets.

Saudi Arabia: Sinoma Overseas Development has reported the successful construction of the first steel column for the kiln inlet of the new Line 3 at Yamama Cement’s Al Kharj cement plant in Northern Halal. The China-based supplier used a crawler crane to position the structural element, which is painted in its characteristic blue. In a post to LinkedIn, it said that the development ‘kicks off the steel construction and installation’ of the upcoming 12,500t/day (4.6Mt/yr) line.

Sinoma Overseas Development said “Meticulous preparations were made for the successful completion of the first installation as a landmark task in the project’s construction: civil engineers re-measured pre-embedded bolts multiple times, cleared pathways, and set the area ready for operation. Seamless coordination between commanders and operators, combined with whole-process supervision of managers, made the successful installation of the first steel column possible.” Looking forwards, it said “The project team, greatly inspired by the successful installation, will continue to face challenges head-on, chase for high quality while ensuring safety and make sure tasks are completed in due time for the safe and smooth operation of subsequent construction.”

Türkiye: Sinoma Overseas Development has won a contract to execute the first phase of a four-plant solar power project across three of LIMAK Cement Group’s cement plants in Türkiye. The contract covers engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) of an initial 28.2MW-worth of new solar power capacity.

Sinoma Overseas Development said “This project opens a new chapter of our robust partnership built on many successful practices of cooperation on projects of cement EPC and supply services over the past decade, leading us into a new field of green energy. The deeper and wider cooperation between LIMAK and us reflects its recognition and trust in our company's ability to perform the contracts in the past, indicating another significant leap in exploiting the Turkish market, expanding localised operations, and transforming to providing green energy projects.” The supplier added “We will exert our utmost in project execution and client services to propel LIMAK’s strategic blueprint of energy saving and carbon reduction in its pursuit of a greener, more sustainable future.”