
Displaying items by tag: Dangote Cement
2023 roundup for the cement multinationals
06 March 2024Cement producers appear to have doubled down on the lessons they learned in 2022 by seeking profits wherever they could in 2023, despite stagnant markets in certain key places. Even with sales volumes of cement going down for most of the multinational cement companies covered here, revenues and earnings rose through price rises or business realignment.
Heidelberg Materials can often be relied upon to sprinkle a bit less sugar on its financial commentary compared to some of its competitors. Thus it is always worth reflecting on what it says. In its view, “In 2023, high inflation rates across the globe, increased financing costs, and persistently high energy and raw material prices significantly impaired construction activity and thus demand for our building materials. The decline in demand in private residential construction, which was massive in some cases, could not be offset by a solid development in industrial commercial construction and infrastructure projects.” Other opinions are available.
Graph 1: Sales revenue from selected cement producers in 2022 and 2023. Source: Company reports. Note: Figures calculated for UltraTech Cement.
Heidelberg Materials is notably missing in Graph 2 (below), though as the company is likely to be holding back its cement sales volume numbers until it releases its full annual report for 2023 towards the end of March 2024. However, Holcim and Heidelberg Materials reached similar sales volumes of cement in 2022 and this looks likely to have continued in 2023, or even gone further. Holcim divested its India-based and Brazil-based operations in 2022 and Africa-based ones in South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda in 2023. Heidelberg Materials has also slimmed down, albeit at a slower pace, with the sale of its businesses in Southern Spain in 2022 and The Gambia in 2023. Note that CRH and Holcim have swapped places in terms of sales revenue from 2022 to 2023. 65% of CRH’s sales came from its Americas divisions.
The outlier here is UltraTech Cement. It increased its sales volumes as the India-based market continues to push forward. Dangote Cement, meanwhile, delivered a surprise with a fall in volumes, due to poor trading at home in Nigeria. Sales outside of Nigeria grew significantly though. A real key moment for the evolution of Dangote Cement as a multinational player will be when its sales, volumes and earnings outside of Nigeria surpass those from back home. It’s not there yet but it looks likely to happen in the next few years.
Graph 2: Cement sales volumes from selected cement producers in 2022 and 2023. Source: Company reports. Note: Figures calculated for CRH and UltraTech Cement.
The progress of the construction market in the US compared to elsewhere has wielded an outsized effect on balance sheets for companies. Signs of this have been apparent for several years but it really picked up in 2023 with CRH switching its primary listing to the US in September 2023 and then Holcim announcing that it is planning to spin-off its North American business (for more on this see GCW 645). Heidelberg Materials was asked during its analysts’ conference call for its 2023 financial results what its plans were for the US. Chair Dominik von Achten said he was against splitting the business off from the rest of the group but that all other options were on the table. Various media outlets have interpreted this to mean that an initial public offering in the US is a likely possibility.
What Cemex does with this situation, if anything, might be worth watching. The company is already North America-focused. Its key markets are in Mexico, the US and Europe, and it is already listed in Mexico and the US. Subsequently in 2023 the market in Mexico bounced back and operating earnings rose sharply in both Mexico and the US. Finally on this theme, Buzzi, the fifth largest cement producer in the US by capacity, may also face a similar dilemma to its peers about what to do with its largest earning business area.
The increasing dominance of the US market for western-based multinational cement producers may be accelerating a trend towards large regional companies everywhere. China-based cement players already dominate the top 10 list of the world’s largest cement producers by capacity. Companies from India and elsewhere are on the way to do likewise as they grow and concentrate on one geographic area. The situation in the US meanwhile is persuading the multinationals to do the same thing in reverse as they reconfigure themselves based on market demand. In financial terms, this may mean chasing growth in the US, learning to cope with high carbon prices in Europe or diversifying away from heavy building materials. Elsewhere, despite the proliferation of regional giants, such as the China-based cement companies, few seem keen to become truly multinational in a hurry, although opportunities, such as the ongoing sale of InterCement in Brazil or CRH’s acquisition of AdBri in Australia, are still present.
Global Cement Weekly will return to look at the large China-based cement companies when they release their financial results later in March 2024
Dangote Cement records 36% sales growth in 2023
04 March 2024Nigeria: Dangote Cement has reported a 36% year-on-year rise in its sales to US$1.44bn in 2023. Meanwhile, the producer’s profit after tax grew by 19% to US$300m. Dangote Cement’s expansion of its market share across Africa continued, with pan-African volumes growth of 13%, to 11.3Mt.
Femi Otedola acquires US$6.73m-worth stake in Dangote Cement
23 January 2024Nigeria: Investor Femi Otedola has reported making a ‘significant acquisition’ of shares in Dangote Cement. The Premium Times newspaper has reported the value of the newly acquired shares as US$6.73m.
Femi Otedola said “Dangote Cement's unique position with two export terminals offers a substantial opportunity to earn foreign exchange, crucial for Nigeria's economy. This, along with the company's pan-African presence, makes it an ideal investment choice."
Dangote Cement raises sales in first nine months of 2023
30 October 2023Nigeria: Dangote Cement recorded sales of US$1.9bn during the first nine months of 2023, up by 29% year-on-year from nine-month 2022 levels. The group’s sales volumes of cement and clinker both dropped. The Premium Times newspaper has reported that Dangote Cement’s costs rose by 33%, primarily due to increased spending on electricity and fuel. Nonetheless, its profit after tax grew by 30%, to US$351m.
Dangote calls price slash rumours ‘fake news’
29 September 2023Nigeria: Dangote Group has described online reports that it would halve the price of its 50kg bags of cement as ‘fake news.’ Anthony Chiejine, Spokesperson for Dangote Group, was responding to apparently unfounded reports that prices would tumble on 1 October 2023.
Earlier, Bahir Ahmad, a media aide to former Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari, saying on X (formerly Twitter) “The Dangote Group has denied the trending reports that it has reduced the price of cement.”
The online rumour is thought to have gained traction after Dangote’s rival BUA Group chair Abdul Samad Rabiu disclosed that he had discussed a substantial potential price reduction with current President Bola Ahmed Tinubu earlier in September 2023.
The prospect of lower cement prices in Nigeria is often reported, but prices remain stubbornly high. On 28 September 2023, the regional monarch of Idjerhe Kingdom, King Udurhie I, called on the new national President Bola Ahmed Tinbu to reopen the mothballed Madewell Cement Factory in Idjerhe, and five others like it throughout Nigeria, in an effort to increase supply and introduce competition to a market dominated by two or three major players.
King Udurhie toured the Madewell facility with regional chiefs, stating “It is 15 years ago that this project was brought down by cabals in the cement industry. As a King of this land, I see pain and I believe that, with the coming in of President Tinubu, a man who is business-oriented, he knows the importance of the cement sector to the Nigerian economy. The cement industry is too large for one man or one company to deal in, no individual can do this.”
Dangote Cement to raise alternative fuel substitution rate to 25%
13 September 2023Nigeria: Dangote Cement plans to raise its alternative fuel (AF) substitution rate across its Nigerian operations to 25%. The Punch newspaper has reported that the producer consumed 34,800t of AF during the first half of 2023.
Obajana cement plant head of sustainability Eseosa Ighile said “We are working towards installing AF feeding systems in all our operation lines by 2024.”
Update on Nigeria, September 2023
06 September 2023Dangote Cement felt compelled to issue a statement clarifying its prices at the end of August 2023. In the release it stated what its ex-factory price was in Nigeria and added that transport costs and the location of a delivery could add additional expense. It made the declaration in response to alleged “misinformation” on social media channels that the company had been selling its cement more cheaply in the neighbouring country of Benin. A subsequent investigation by the This Day newspaper reported that Dangote Cement does not officially export cement to Benin and that the average price in the country was actually slightly higher than the end prices Dangote Cement provided. Competitor BUA Cement wasted no time though in saying at its annual general meeting that it would ‘crash the price of cement.’
All of this may sound familiar because a similar argument broke out in early 2021. At that time prices were rising following the outbreak of Covid-19, although other factors were at play. Then as now, Dangote Cement, the largest domestic producer, defended itself by publishing its prices and BUA Cement made another showy claim saying that it had no plans to raise the ex-factory price of its cement at the present time or in the future, “…barring any material, unforeseen circumstances.” The government also became involved with the Senate of Nigeria discussing the matter in relation to potential legislation at the time. Part of the problem here has been that Dangote Cement is the biggest producer and it has gradually started exporting cement from Nigeria in recent years and, regardless of any effects to the domestic market, it leaves it exposed to the kind of unsubstantiated scuttlebutt it has faced recently. Back in 2021 it briefly stopped exporting cement for a while before resuming it again in May 2021.
Graph 1: Half-year sales revenue from selected large cement producers in Nigeria. Source: Company reports.
Graph 1 shows how some of the large cement producers in Nigeria did in the first half of 2023. Dangote Cement is the market leader by a considerable margin and the figures here do not even include its sales elsewhere in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its market dominance its sales revenue has fallen so far in 2023 and the company blamed election uncertainty, a “cash crunch”, negative currency exchange issues and the weather. That said though it did manage to increase its earnings through initiatives such as using alternative fuels, making efficiencies at its plants and utilised compressed natural gas in its truck fleet.
BUA Cement and Lafarge Africa provided less descriptive context in their release. Both BUA Cement’s revenue and profit after tax rose year-on-year but Lafarge Africa’s profit after tax fell. This may have been due to a rise in fixed production costs such as staffing, by-products costs and electricity, although depreciation was also an issue.
For all of BUA Cement’s talk of “crashing the cement price” it is preparing to commission two new 3Mt/yr production lines at its Obu and Sokoto plants respectively in the first quarter of 2024. Given everything else that is going on in the Nigerian economy, such as inflation, and the large size of the country it seems unlikely to lower the price although it might slow down the rate by which the price continues to rise. In its 2022 annual report BUA Cement’s managing director Yusuf Haliru Binji said that the new production lines would enable it to potentially increase its exports. This is the logical next step for a local sector outgrowing its domestic bounds and this is exactly what Dangote Cement has done. Yet, as the recent price debacle has shown, the price of cement matters to Nigerians. If the price keeps going up all of the local producers may end up facing negative attention whether warranted or not.
Dangote Cement clarifies its cement prices in Nigeria
04 September 2023Nigeria: Dangote Cement has publicly confirmed the price of cement from its plants. It made the announcement in response to allegations that it has been selling its products at “significantly” lower prices in neighbouring countries including Benin, according to the Daily Trust newspaper. It also detailed how much transportation costs and the location of a delivery could affect the end price. Arvind Pathak, the Group Managing Director of Dangote Cement, added that the company’s ex-factory price could be different from the end retail price.
Nigeria: Dangote Cement sold 13.4Mt of cement during the first half of 2023. Its sales volumes outside Nigeria were 5.4Mt, up by 12% year-on-year from 4.9Mt in the first half of 2022. The producer noted 'robust demand' in Ethiopia, the Republic of Congo, Senegal and Zambia. It reported revenues worth US$1.23bn in the first half of 2023, up by 17% from first-half 2022 levels. KOGI Reports News has reported that the producer's profit after tax rose by 3.8% in the half, to US$232m.
Chief executive officer Arvind Pathak said "Dangote Cement delivered positive results in the first half of the year. Our Nigeria operations achieved a 23% quarter-on-quarter recovery in sales during the second quarter of 2023, which was impacted by the general elections and the 'cash crunch.' However, the steep currency devaluation in mid-June slowed this volume recovery and increased already inflated operating costs." He added “We will continue to focus on our strategic growth priorities, hinged on our vision of transforming Africa and building a sustainable future. I am optimistic that our business remains resilient and well positioned to overcome unforeseen macroeconomic headwinds.”
Dangote Cement completes share buyback tranche
24 July 2023Nigeria: Dangote Cement has completed the first tranche of its on-going share buyback programme. The Punch newspaper has reported that the producer launched the buyback earlier in July 2023. It bought back 0.7% of its shares for US$51.7m.