Displaying items by tag: Udayapur Cement

On 9 June 2025 the Nepalese government announced the shock closure of the state-owned Udayapur Cement Industry, which operates the 0.4Mt/yr Jaljale cement plant in the high-altitude Terhathum District.¹ No express reason for the closure has been forthcoming. A little digging is therefore required…

Nationally, Nepal is home to 13 integrated and 16 grinding plants,² which sounds like a lot. However, with a total capacity of 12.3Mt/yr between them, each plant – many of which are quite aged and in need of modernisation - has an average capacity of 0.4Mt/yr. Amid chronic low demand, the capacity utilisation rate in some regions is as low as 40-50%.³

The planned closure of the Udayapur Cement Industry is all the more surprising considering that it only resumed operations on 24 April 2025 following the suspension of operations at the end of November 2024. The plant resumed production at 400t/day, half of its capacity, despite a US$42m upgrade as recently as February 2022 that had expanded it from 0.3Mt/yr to 0.4Mt/yr!

Upon re-opening in April 2025, the plant said that it had sufficient coal to maintain operations for at least 12 days and that it had a secure supply of electricity from the state-owned Nepal Electricity Authority (although it did also have unpaid electricity bills…). It has since been able to secure more coal, which must be imported through tortuously narrow passes from India. As well as securing coal, the plant’s altitude, some 1800m above sea level, complicates electrical infrastructure supplies. Back in 2019, the pre-expansion Jaljale cement plant was reduced to periods of just 13% capacity utilisation, with power cuts occurring at a rate of more than 60 in a single year, with six once hitting in a single day.

Back to the current year, Nepali cement producers faced an additional challenge on 15 February 2025, when a court issued a ‘show cause’ notice over seasonal price rises that had taken effect in December 2024. Bizpati News reported producers’ explanations that they were not in a cartel, including the admission that they were already operating at a loss.⁴ The situation got worse on 4 June 2025, when the government raised sales taxes from US$0.08/bag to 5% of the sales’ value.⁵ In order to protect their margins, producers raised prices by US$0.15-0.18/bag. According to Ravi Singh, president of the Federation of Contractors’ Associations of Nepal, this has meant that contractors are now struggling to purchase cement. He accused manufacturers of cutting production by up to 40% to create an artificial shortage, calling it ‘a tactic to manufacture scarcity and exploit the situation.’ Producers defended the price rise, claiming it corrects previous underpricing caused by ‘unhealthy competition.’

Regardless of who can shout the loudest, it is clear that there is just too much cement capacity in Nepal. While exports to India, itself not completely lacking in cement, have helped, more plants are likely to close. Back in Jaljale, Udaypur Cement Industry’s workers, their families, other local stakeholders and political parties have united in signing a memorandum of understanding in opposition to the closure. They too are asking: Why call time on a plant that was recently upgraded… and how can we keep the gates open?

References

1. https://www.globalcement.com/news/item/18859-nepali-government-announces-shock-closure-of-udayapur-cement-industry
2. Global Cement Directory 2025, Pro Global Media Ltd., Epsom, UK, 2025.
3. https://www.globalcement.com/news/item/17800-nepal-exports-us-3-81m-worth-of-cement-to-india-via-kakarvitta-crossing-in-2024-financial-year
4. https://bizpati.com/industry/88192
5. New Business Age News, ‘Cement price rises to Rs. 22 per bag,’ 4 June 2025, https://abhiyandaily.com/article/simenttko-muuly-boraamai-22-rupaiyaansmm-bddhyo

Nepal: The government plans to shut down Udayapur Cement Industry, which operates the Jaljale cement plant, in mid-July 2025. The República newspaper has reported that the government has received a memorandum of understanding (MoU) signed between workers, local people and political parties to contest the closure. Critics reportedly accuse the government of trying to bankrupt the company in order to sell it.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement Industry resumed operations on 24 April 2025, despite ongoing legal disputes and internal administrative obstructions, according to acting general manager Mahesh Sah. The plant ceased all activities in late November 2024. It began kiln firing at 10:40am local time and expected clinker production to begin after eight hours of machine operation.

The plant aims to produce approximately 400t/day of clinker. Coal and dinepalesel stocks are expected to last 12 days. Sah noted that coordination has been made with the Nepal Electricity Authority, which has assured uninterrupted power supply despite outstanding dues. Udayapur Cement, a fully state-owned enterprise, has a daily production capacity of 800t/day.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement has commenced a US$42m upgrade and capacity expansion of its cement plant at Jaljale. The work includes replacing the shell of its 20m rotary kiln by the end of February 2022 and installing a reinforcement suspension preheater system, according to the Kathmandu Post newspaper. It will expand the plant’s capacity by 38% to 0.4Mt/yr from 0.29t/yr. The plant’s current equipment dates to 1988. Company spokesperson Laxman Pokharel said "Since the machines are old, we face frequent problems." He added that this has led to increased costs.

The Nepal government has agreed to loan Udayapur Cement US$34.4m, 80% of the project’s budget.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement has appointed Gopi Neupane as its director general. He holds experience in the hydro-electric, health and education sectors, according to Khabarhub. The state-owned cement producer markets the ‘Gaida Cement’ brand.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement Industry has resumed clinker production after a closure period of over two months. The 800t/day cement plant was forced to close both production and sales due to government-mandated lockdown measures in response to the coronavirus pandemic, according to the Himalayan Times newspaper. It has now resumed operation using social distancing rules.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement has started work on an upgrade to its 0.3Mt/yr integrated plant aimed at bringing its capacity to 0.4Mt/yr with an investment of US$92,000 from the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Supplies. Republica has reported that the company’s Sindhali mine has resources to supply 200 years’ production. “The company is self-sufficient in all raw materials except coal,” said Nawal Kishor Shah, Udayapur Cement general manager.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement’s production is being reduced due to power cuts. The plant has a production capacity of 800t/day of clinker but at times it has been reduced to only just 100t/day, according to the Republica newspaper. The cement producer says that the cuts have cost it over US$0.4m.

The electricity outages have also damaged machinery such as gears in cement-packaging equipment and raised general costs through repeated start-ups. The unit suffered 62 power cuts from 15 January to 2 February 2019 lasting a total of 23 hours. As many as six stoppages in a single day have been reported.

The Nepal Electricity Authority supplies electricity to the plant. It has blamed the ‘incompetence’ of officials at a substation.

Nepal: Surendra Prasad Paudel has resigned as the general manager of Udayapur Cement following his appointment as the head of the Nepal Oil Corporation. Paudel became the head of the cement producer in February 2018, according to the Kathmandu Post newspaper. The chartered accountant improved the financial situation at the company, reporting a profit in the last financial year and clearing debts.

Nepal: Udayapur Cement Industry has resumed production at its integrated plant in Udayapur after a month-long upgrade period. The project cost around US$0.75m, according to the República newspaper. The state-owned cement producer used its own technical team for the maintenance although engineers from India were employed. Following the upgrade the unit has a production capacity of up to 900t/day.