Mexico: Cemex recorded consolidated sales of US$3.77bn in 2022, up by 13% year-on-year from first-quarter 2021 levels. The group recorded operating earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) growth of 3% year-on-year, to US$691m. Cemex said that sales growth in its Europe, Middle East and Africa region led the earnings increase, supported by strong underlying demand conditions with robust volume growth in Europe and the US. It recorded double-digit like-for-like price rises across its global operations. During the quarter, group CO₂ emissions fell by 4% year-on-year.

Chief executive officer CEO Fernando González said “We are quite pleased with our first quarter performance despite the unprecedented global macro challenges. Against the backdrop of the worst inflation headwinds in more than 40 years, we achieved strong pricing traction across our products. Given the tight supply and demand dynamics in most of our markets, we are optimistic that we can recover input cost inflation. In addition, our diversified energy, supply chain and Climate Action strategies are paying off and helping us respond to energy cost pressures.”

Regarding the quarter’s sustainability achievements, González said “Our performance gives me great confidence that we can reach not only our 2030 climate goal but also our Net Zero ambition.”

Thailand: Siam Cement Group (SCG) recorded first-quarter sales of US$4.43bn in 2022, up by 25% year-on-year from first-quarter 2021 levels. The company’s net profit was US$257m, down by 40%.

China: Xinjiang Tianshan Cement, a subsidiary of Chizhou CNBM New Materials, has acquired mining rights for the Hengshan mining area and peripheral mines in Chizhou City’s Guichi District in Anhui province for US$376m. Reuters has reported that the company plans to make a total investment of US$1.38bn in establishing its mining operations there. The mines have limestone reserves of 513Mt and will be operational until 2043.

South Korea: Finance Minister Hong Nam-ki has announced plans for a further increase to his country’s coal imports from Australia in order to enable cement production to continue and prevent a shortage. The Yonhap News Agency News has reported that the government plans to accelerate customs clearance processes around the fossil fuel. Hong added that the government will ‘sternly deal with any illegal hoarding or price fixing’ of cement.

India: ACC has launched Holcim’s Houses of Tomorrow sustainable homebuilding initiative with the construction of a low CO₂ home in Puducherry called Gratitude Villa. Projects Today News has reported that architect Trupti Doshi selected building materials to reduce CO₂ emissions by 40% by comparison to conventional materials such as ordinary Portland cement (OPC). She opted for ACC’s Suraksha brand cement, fly ash bricks and ECOPact green concrete.

Mexico: Eight people have died in an armed clash at Cooperativa La Cruz Azul’s Hidalgo cement plant. The El País newspaper has reported that attackers riding in multiple trucks arrived at the plant in the early hours of 27 April 2022. In addition to the eight dead, a further 12 people were wounded in the ensuing fight with defenders. Attackers also destroyed some control panel wiring at the plant and set fire to eight vehicles. The altercation caused a suspension of cement production at the facility.

Police detained nine suspects and have established a watch at the Hidalgo plant.

Cement shortages were being reported in the US media last week in Alabama and South Carolina. The owner of a ready-mixed concrete supplier in South Carolina was blaming it on labour and supply shortages. Dan Crosby, the president of Metrocon, told Fox News that his business could only take on 60% of the work it could normally cope with due to the issue despite demand for construction growing in the state. Meanwhile, the Alabama Concrete Industries Association said that its home state saw a 14% increase in the demand for concrete in 2021 but that a cement shortage might cause delays to projects. The association also pointed the blame at labour and supply issues. It pointed out that high demand for concrete during the winter prevented inventory being built up and then the annual cement plant maintenance breaks in the spring added to the problems. Once contractors actually secured supplies of cement they then faced further delays due to a nationwide truck driver shortage!

Graph 1: Annual rolling cement shipments in the South of the US. Source: USGS.

Data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) doesn’t especially shed light on the situation in Alabama and South Carolina. Alabama was the fifth largest cement producing state in the country in January 2022 but this is unsurprising as it’s the state with the fifth largest cement production capacity. Rolling annual data on Portland and blended cement shipments by origin show the effects of the coronavirus outbreak in the south from the start of 2020 to January 2022. Shipments took a dive in 2020 and then mostly recovered in 2021. However, Alabama, Kentucky and Tennessee saw shipments rise from 7.1Mt pre-pandemic to 7.6Mt in January 2022. South Carolina’s shipments grew from 3Mt to 3.2Mt. Regionally, the North East had a similar pattern although, unlike the South, shipments have surpassed those at the start of 2020. The Midwest and West were different with a general upwards trend over the two years, although the West softened slightly from mid-2021 onwards. Overall the US as a whole has seen its shipments grow throughout this period.

Ed Sullivan from the Portland Cement Association (PCA) told the May 2022 issue of Global Cement Magazine that the US cement sector did well in 2021 with a 4.1% year-on-year rise in sales to 104Mt. However, he flagged up supply chain problems that actually slowed growth, led by a lack of staff.

The other point along these lines that Sullivan made was that imports of cement might not necessarily be able to compensate for domestic supply issues due to global demand for shipping post-coronavirus. USGS data placed imports to the US at 13.7Mt in 2019 compared to 16.3Mt in 2021. Notably, Cemex restarted one production line in 2021 at its CPN cement plant in Sonora State in Mexico to export cement to the west of the US. In March 2022 it added that it was going to restart another line at the plant also. It’s not alone though as GCC reported in January 2022 that a line at one of its plants in Chihuahua, Mexico, was exporting cement to Texas. Sullivan reckoned that January 2022 was ‘weak’ but that it was followed by an ‘extremely strong’ February 2022. The first quarter results from Holcim and CRH seem to back this up with the former describing the period as ‘outstanding’ and the region leading its sales and earnings growth rate globally. CRH reported strong demand in central and southern regions.

As the US economy restarted following the peak of the early coronavirus waves in 2020, various supply chain issues have manifested. Staff shortages are one issue and this can also worsen other logistic problems. The south seems particularly vulnerable to all of this as it is both the country’s largest cement market and because demand has held up. In January 2022 research by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified several reasons for staff shortages in the US and the UK. These included increased inactivity among older workers, the so called ‘She-cession’ (where female employment has overly reduced due to coronavirus trends) and shifting worker preferences amid strong labour demand.

Staff shortages are expected to sort themselves out throughout 2022 but favourable forecast demand for cement in the US is balanced by inflationary pressure. Persistent low staffing levels could further add to inflation growth. The US cement sector may be doing well at the moment but even success carries risks.

Global Cement’s Robert McCaffrey will be giving a keynote presentation at the IEEE-PCA Cement Conference in Las Vegas on Tuesday 3 May 2022. The May 2022 issue of Global Cement Magazine, including interviews with PCA chief executive officer Mike Ireland and chief economist Ed Sullivan, is available to download now.

India: ACC has appointed Rashmi Khandelwal as its company secretary. She succeeds Rajiv Choubey who will remain with ACC as chief legal officer.

Khandelwal is a qualified company secretary with 13 years of professional experience. Previous roles include working for YES Bank and the legal company Mis Yaish Associates. She has also co-written two books about the government’s Companies Act 2013.

India: Adani Group has reportedly entered an advanced stage of discussions with Holcim over its possible acquisition of the latter's Indian cement operations. The Times of India newspaper has reported that Holcim subsidiaries Ambuja Cements and ACC together have a cement production capacity of 64Mt/yr. The value of their assets has a market cap of US$15.7bn.

Mexico: GCC recorded consolidated sales of US$207m in the first quarter of 2022, up by 16% year-on-year from first-quarter 2021 levels. US sales growth of 21% contributed to the increase, driven by regional cement volumes growth of 10%. The group's cement volumes in its native Mexico rose by 12%. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) in the quarter reached US$54.5m, up by 10% year-on-year. Following the results, the company plans to reactivate its on-going share buyback programme.

Chief executive officer (CEO) Enrique Escalante said "GCC is off to an excellent start this year. We are pleased with the results delivered during this quarter and of the way we are overcoming a high inflation environment amid global challenges. One of our top priorities is being extremely vigilant in offsetting cost pressures as we capitalise on market opportunities and focus our efforts in maximising production and terminal outputs. Market trends and full-year backlogs are encouraging for 2022; therefore, we expect to end the year in line with our high-single to double-digit EBITDA growth guidance."